Our bodies do the same-burning brown fat to produce extra heat and keep us warm.
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Since it turns the energy obtained from food into heat, brown fat thought to be one of the keys to weight loss.
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Cao and colleagues wanted to investigate its role in atherosclerosis-the build-up of fatty deposits in blood vessels.
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The mice kept in the cold also had deposits in their blood vessels that were more likely to break off and cause blockages-a major cause of heart attack and stroke.
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Mice exposed to the cold converted more white fat to brown and the production of low-density lipoprotein (LDL) was accelerated, leading to a greater build-up of fatty deposits.
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But this internal heating system may have a dangerous side effect.
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"Brown fat has always been considered to be good fat." says Yihai Cao at the Karolinska Institute.
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At eight weeks old, they split the mice into two groups.
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First, the team created genetically modified mice that were easily prone to atherosclerosis.
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Some mice were kept for a further eight weeks at 30°C-a temperature that mice find comfortable-while the rest were kept at 4℃.
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When it's cold we turn up the central heating.
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These mice were completely protected from the increased production of LDL and consequent arterial problems.
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To test whether the effect was specifically linked to heat generation, the team next created atherosclerosis-prone mice that were unable to use their brown fat to produce heat.
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But Andrew Whittle at the University of Cambridge notes that mice kept in the cold will eat more food, which might also contribute to the extra fatty deposits.
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Until recently we did not know adult humans had brown fat at all, he says, and we are still learning what it does. Thank you.
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