The woman who made the breakthrough possible and her family are largely forgotten.
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A scientist grows the tissue into a cell line.
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More than 50 years after the WI-38 cell line was derived from a fetus, science and society has still to get to grips with the ethical issues of using human tissue in research.
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WI-38 has arguably had an even bigger impact on science and medicine than the HeLa line.
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That story describes the development of the famous HeLa cell line, grown from cancer tissue taken from a poor black woman.
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Millions of lives are saved and millions of dollars made.
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Sound familiar?
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Until now, that story has failed to reach the broad audience it deserves.
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The cell line in this case is called WI-38, in which the initials represent the Wistar Institute of Anatomy and Biology in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, where the early work was done.
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They have been widely used for the production of virus vaccines given to many people worldwide against rubella, for instance, and in research as a prototypical normal human cell.
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The cell line becomes one of the most important medical tools worldwide.
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More than half a century ago, a Swedish woman had her pregnancy terminated and the WI-38 cells were grown from tissue samples taken from the lungs of the fetus.
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In addition to it use in vaccine production, it has been used to make drugs against rheumatoid arthritis and cystic fibrosis. Thank you.
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That makes some people uncomfortable, but fetal tissue remains a useful and common tool in medicine today.
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