Instead, they always occur in groups of three ( protons and neutrons), or in pairings of a quark and an anti-quark ( pi mesons), and behave as if they were joined by rubber bands. 相反地,它们永远以三个一组(质子和中子)或者以夸克反夸克对(π介子)存在,而且它们正像由橡皮带连接在一起似的。
The anti-quark is not all the same fermion. Therefore, the five-quark wave function with four quarks and an anti-quark function be constructed by outer product. 而反夸克不是全同的费米子,不受泡利不相容原理的约束。因此,五夸克的波函数可以将四个正夸克波函数与一个反夸克的波函数作外积约化的耦合得到。
So flavor and color wave function of anti-quark can be with two quarks that are all antisymmetric. 因此反夸克的味道和颜色波函数可以用两个全反对称的正夸克表示。