The long-term loan usually requires that a foreign student have a "comaker" or cosigner, who in effect guarantees repayment who is not related and is either a United States citizen or permanent resident. 长期贷款通常要外国学生有个“联贷人”或称联署人,实际上就是保人,联贷人必须是与学生无亲属关系的美国公民或永久居民。