erstwhile

adj.

1. 以前的；先前的；过去的；往昔的
   former; that until recently was the type of person or thing described but is not any more
   1. an erstwhile opponent
      以前的对手
   2. His erstwhile friends turned against him.
      他先前的朋友转而与他作对。

1. ADJ 以往的;往昔的
   You use erstwhile to describe someone that used to be the type of person indicated, but no longer is.
   1. Erstwhile workers may have become managers...
      过去的工人可能已经成了经理。
   2. He fled to America with Phyllis Burton, an erstwhile friend of his wife's.
      他和他妻子以前的一个朋友菲莉丝·伯顿一起逃往美国。

1. Erstwhile workers may have become managers
   过去的工人可能已经成了经理。
2. He fled to America with Phyllis Burton, an erstwhile friend of his wife's.
   他和他妻子以前的一个朋友菲莉丝·伯顿一起逃往美国。
3. Ideally, these would be people to whom you reported, but erstwhile peers and others ( satisfied clients, for example) will do in a pinch.
   理想情况下，这些人应该是你的直接上司，如果没有的话，以前的同事和其他人（比如对你很满意的客户）也凑合。
4. Erstwhile spammers are also making use of online-coupon services such as Groupon ( grpn).
   此外，昔日的垃圾邮件制作者还在利用团购网站Groupon等在线优惠券服务。
5. An erstwhile US policy maker once asked China to be a 'responsible stakeholder'.
   某位美国前高级官员曾经要求中国成为一个‘负责任的利益攸关方’。
6. The value of the foreign assets of core countries would fall, their new currencies would soar relative to erstwhile partners and their economies shrink.
   核心国家国外资产的价值将会下滑，它们的新本币相对昔日伙伴国新本币的汇率将会飙升，它们的经济将会萎缩。
7. Of course, this approach assumes that you do have other erstwhile bosses and colleagues who would be happy to give you a glowing recommendation.
   当然，这种方法有一个假设的前提：你得有其他前上司和同事愿意热情洋溢地推荐你。
8. As France's erstwhile first lady flew to India yesterday on a humanitarian assignment, friends said she was expecting to thrash out a financial settlement with the head of state upon her return.
   这位法国的前第一夫人昨日飞往印度进行人道主义访问，她的朋友透露她一回来就要向法国总统索要分手费。
9. This, in turn, will require achieving three things: avoiding a headlong collapse in demand; restructuring the balance sheets of financial institutions and overindebted households; and rebalancing global demand away from erstwhile deficit countries, towards habitual creditor countries.
   这进而要求做到三件事：避免需求直线暴跌；对金融机构和负债过多家庭的资产负债表进行重组；以及调整全球需求平衡，将需求从此前的贸易赤字国家转至传统上的债权国。
10. He praised the prime minister for bringing Russia out of the chaos of the Boris Yeltsin years, taking a dig at his erstwhile political opponent.
    相反，他称赞普京带领俄罗斯走出了鲍里斯叶利钦（BorisYeltsin）年代的混乱，借机讽刺了一下昔日的政治对手。
11. Thanks to company shutdowns, Palo Alto the erstwhile Mecca of masculinity is now just 49 percent male.
    由于公司倒闭，帕洛阿尔托从前充满阳刚之气的圣地目前的男性人口比例仅49%。
12. The two countries 'current account deficits and erstwhile reliance on portfolio flows make them stand-out casualties, but other Asian currencies are also losing ground as risk capital goes to ground.
    印韩两国的经常账户赤字及以往对投资流动的依赖，使它们成为比较显眼的受害者，而随着风险资金的消失，其它亚洲货币也在节节下挫。
13. Imposing one-sided adjustment on erstwhile debtors will not work.
    让昔日债务人单方面调整不会有多大效果。
14. Continental Europeans want tighter constraints on the erstwhile titans of finance.
    欧洲大陆希望对昔日的金融巨擘严加约束。
15. Its erstwhile parent was quick to follow China Merchants in successfully pushing for a new licence based on its history, and managed to obtain approvals for five provinces.
    它的前任母公司迅速效仿了中国商会，根据中国商会的的历史奋力为自己争取了一个新的执照，并成功取得了在五个省份的经营许可。
16. His erstwhile leftwing coalition allies and, it is widely believed, the more populist impulses of senior Congress politicians including Mrs Gandhi, have curbed his push for financial sector reforms.
    他从前的左翼同盟政党、以及（人们普遍认为）包括索尼娅甘地在内的国大党高层更加民粹主义的倾向，都遏制了辛格推行金融业改革的努力。
17. Before the book was published I had to rewrite it because in the meantime, the computer Deep Blue beat the erstwhile human world champion, Gary Kasparov.
    在我的书出版之前，我不得不重写，因为与此同时，计算机”深蓝“击败了昔日人类世界冠军加里卡斯帕罗夫。
18. Washington's crime was to assume that the Yalta agreement had fallen along with the Berlin Wall, and that the peoples and nations of the erstwhile Soviet empire should thus be free to make their own choices.
    美国政府的错误在于想当然地认为雅尔塔协定（YaltaAgreement）也伴随着柏林墙的倒塌而失效，因此昔日臣服于苏联帝国的民族和国家应该可以自由选择。
19. Both are in better shape than their erstwhile rivals.
    他们的情况比以前的竞争对手都要好。
20. Like some other erstwhile true believers, he became one of most cogent critics of his former faith.
    如同昔日的某些真正信徒一样，他也成为其原有信仰最有力的批判者之一。
21. If policymakers leave commodities trading unattended, this erstwhile backwater could one day become a sea of economic troubles.
    如果政策制定者们对大宗商品交易放任不管，这一昔日的回水可能有朝一日会变成经济的麻烦之海。
22. Meanwhile, the number of online fashionistas accusing erstwhile favourite Sienna Miller of getting dressed in the dark thanks to her Wight outfit of gym shorts, vest and crushed suede boots was in the double digits.
    同时，网上几十位时尚人士都指责说，都是因为她在怀特岛上穿了体操短裤、背心和皱巴巴的皮靴，他们以前的至爱西耶娜米勒（siennamiller）也开始穿黑色了。
23. Be that as it may, nothing will more swiftly unite two previous foes in a common front if they are threatened by a potential enemy perceived to be more dangerous than their erstwhile opponent.
    能够迅速使敌对双方连成一气的，是当双方都感受到一个潜在敌人的威胁，而这个敌人又比它们其中任何一方更具危险性。
24. Yet, under the pressure of the crisis itself, many erstwhile grasshopper colonies are being forced to become more ant-like.
    然而，由于危机本身的压力，许多昔日的蚱蜢窝正被迫变得更像蚂蚁。
25. In1969, Frampton left the Herd to form the harder-rocking Humble Pie with erstwhile Small Faces frontman Steve Marriott.
    1969年，弗兰普顿离开了羊群，形成昔日小面主唱史蒂夫万豪越难摇摆忍辱含垢。
26. By contrast, Britain and its erstwhile EU partners would have to decide quickly how people on the wrong side of newly erected barriers to the free movement of labour should be treated.
    相比之下，英国与之前的欧盟伙伴必须迅速作出决定，为身处因劳动力自由流动而新竖立起来的壁垒错误一边的人们应当得到怎样的待遇。
27. It's easy to sympathise: the erstwhile masters of the universe seem to have forgotten the meaning of both moral and hazard.
    这很容易让人同情：过去的宇宙主宰者（mastersoftheuniverse）们似乎忘记了道德和风险的涵义。
28. Tony Blair his friend and erstwhile boss, who takes the hot seat soon will have bee watching n anxiously.
    作为他的朋友和过去的老板托尼布莱尔（TonyBlair），不久将如坐针毡，并将一直焦急地关注此事。
29. My erstwhile publisher asked whether I would acquiesce to omitting some "sensitive material" and changing some wording.
    我从前的出版商问我是否同意删除一些“敏感材料”和改变一些措词。

adv

1. at a previous time
   1. at one time he loved her
   2. her erstwhile writing
   3. she was a dancer once

   Synonym:    onceformerlyat one timeerst