Bill Cooke of the NASA Meteoroid Environment Office said, Observers with clear skies could see as many as 40 Geminids per hour. 来自NASA流星体环境研究所的BillCooke表示:如果天气晴好,观测者每小时能看到40颗双子座流星。
Technically, a meteor is merely the streak of light we see trailing a meteoroid. 严格说来,流星仅仅指流星体身后的那一道光,也就是我们看着划过天空那一道。
Once it hits Earth, a meteoroid suffers an identity crisis and becomes a meteorite. 流星体一旦撞上地球,就变成了陨石。
When a meteoroid enters the atmosphere, it compresses the air in front of it. 当流星体进入大气层,它压缩的空气在前面的。
Especially, the history and status of meteoroid astronomy, the ground-based and space observations of meteoroid streams, the observed and theoretical radiants about meteor showers; 重点叙述流星天文学的历史与现状;流星群的地面和空间观测;流星雨观测和理论辐射点;
And even smaller type of interplanetary debris is the meteoroid. 甚至更小的太阳系内的碎片也是流星体。
That's when a meteoroid entered the earth's atmosphere over the Mediterranean and was picked up by U. 美国预警卫星在监测高空爆炸物和来袭导弹时发现一颗流星穿破地球大气层,降落在地中海地区。
Turn the globe by just a few hours earlier on that day in June and the meteoroid would have been over the border of Pakistan and India – exactly where everyone was fearing a nuclear attack. 如果六月的这天,地球转动退回到几小时前,流星降落的地方就正好是巴基斯坦和印度的交界处,世人唯恐发生核战的交界地。
Studies on meteoroid streams are briefly and systematically presented. 对流星群的研究作了简明而系统的介绍。
A meteoroid that has entered the earth's atmosphere. 进入地球大气层的流行。
Risk Analysis of Meteoroid and Space Debris High-velocity Impact on Spacecraft 微流星及空间碎片高速撞击航天器风险度分析
Given enough time, the tensile stress in the interior of the meteoroid can be as high as 10 kb. This stress value is greater than estimated tensile strengths of meteoroids and the aerodynamic compression they encounter. 在某个充分的时间内,陨星内部的张应力可能达到10kb,这一应力值大于估计的抗拉强度及其所遭受的空气动力学压力。
Studies on Meteoroid Streams 流星群研究
The meteoroid bodies experiencing solar reheating during exposure have slightly lower natural TL levels than the normal ones, while the reheating events before exposure affect natural TL levels more obviously. 暴露期间经历了太阳加热的母体较正常母体具有稍低的自然热释光值,宇宙暴露前的加热事件对自然热释光值的影响更大。
By analyzing performance prediction equations developed and used for protection of spacecraft against meteoroid and space debris, ballistic limit curves were obtained for different hypervelocity impacts of various shield materials and structures. 在综合分析国际上已采用和研究航天器微流星体及空间碎片防护结构防护性能预报方程的基础上,给出了不同防护材料和结构形式防护在超高速撞击下的撞击极限曲线。
The cometary ejection play a crucial role in formation and evolution of the meteoroid stream. 彗星的喷发速度在流星群的演化过程中起着重要作用。
A unique methodology providing global optimization of spacecraft protective structures is presented to minimize spacecraft weight of protective structural systems exposed to meteoroid and space debris hypervelocity impacts. 文章描述了一个用于航天器防护结构综合优化的独特方法&几何规划优化技术,以减小暴露于流星体和空间碎片超高速碰撞环境下的航天器防护结构系统的重量。
The space debris and meteoroid environment are defined followed by the formulation of the general weight objective function. 空间碎片和流星体环境由广义加权目标函数的公式来定义。
The probability of impact or failure is calculated by Finite Element Analysis Method and the arithmetic flow of spacecraft risk assessment in the meteoroid environment is designed. Second, both the earth shadowing effect and the spacecraft shadowing effect are discussed thoroughly. 应用有限元分析方法计算碰撞及失效概率,设计出了微流星体环境风险评估算法流程。
In order to ensure the safety in operation of orbital spacecrafts, especially the long duration and large size spacecrafts. Space debris and meteoroid shield are very important factors in the designing of spacecrafts. 为了保证在轨航天器的安全运行,微流星体和空间碎片的防护成为现有航天器,特别是长寿命、大尺寸航天器设计时必须考虑的因素。
Most of the spacecrafts are suffering from the bad space environment, and the space debris, included meteoroid and orbital debris, imperiled the spacecrafts most. 其中对航天器威胁最大的就是空间碎片,包括微流星体和轨道碎片。
So far many countries are researching the technology of risk assessment of space debris impact, some of them already have a risk code, which can be used to value the risk assessment for the spacecraft in both meteoroid and orbital debris environment. 目前各航天大国都在研究航天器风险评估技术,有些国家已经有了成熟的风险评估软件,可针对微流星体环境和轨道碎片环境分别对航天器进行风险评估。