It is the sum of smaller, independent ( may be unobservable), identically-distributed variables or random events. 它是更小的独立(可能无法察觉到的)恒等分布的变量或随机事件的综合结果。
Benchmarks also have many small independent ( may be unobservable) identically-distributed variables that may affect performance, such as 基准测试也有许多很小的独立(可能无法察觉到的)恒等分布的变量,这些变量可能会影响性能,比如
Therefore, at a faculty meeting, I always chose a seat at an unobservable corner of the room. 因此在开教授会的时候,我总是挑个极边极角的座位,惶恐地缩在一旁。
The observation cost is analyzed and then a method is provided to search the optimal estimator, which is used to estimate the state-range of unobservable transitions. 分析了估计器的观测代价,在此基础上给出了寻找最优估计器的方法,并利用最优估计器计算不可观变迁的状态估计范围。
An anthropological theory that there are unobservable social structures that generate observable social phenomena. 认为一些可视的社会现象是由一些不可视的社会结构造成的人类学理论。
Physically, the cosmological term would have been unobservable on the scale of our solar system, but it would produce a cosmic repulsion on larger scales that would counteract the gravitational attraction of distant objects. 实际上,宇宙项在太阳系的尺度是观察不到的,但是它在大尺度下会产生一种宇宙排斥力,抵消了相隔很远物体之间的引力。
It was simply an unobservable collection of gelatin molecules, the inner workings of which were not yet understood. 它仅仅是一种难以察觉的凝胶分子,而其内部运作则不被人们所了解。
The concepts of decentralized controllable subspace and unobservable subspace are presented. 提出了大系统的分散能控子空间和分散不能观测子空间的概念。
By analyzing selection, implementation and result of the contracts, this paper finds that the principal tends to make contracts unobservable or provide more similar contracts. 通过对合同选择、执行和结果的分析,本文发现:委托人更倾向于在不同代理人之间隐藏合同信息或者提供更为相近的合同;
The paper derives the quantitative relation to maximum admitted width of the light source used when unobservable circumstance on the screen appears. 推导出了屏上不可观测的情况出现时所用光源的最大允许宽度。
Whatever happens to me, when it's spread out over six billion plus people, it ends up divided by six billion and it becomes unobservable. 发生在我身上的事,分散到六十多亿人口上,被六十亿除,就变得难以察觉。
A discussion is made of the relationship between the unobservable status and sample value of Markov decision processes. 讨论Markov决策问题中样本与不可观测状态之间的关系问题。
Strong consistence of minimum variance estimation of parameters in an unobservable ARMA process 一类不可观测ARMA过程参数的最小方差估计的强相容性
Algorithm Based on Block Diagonal Sorting Method for Uncontrollable Model and Unobservable Model 基于块对角排序法的不可控模型和不可观测模型的算法
Decentralized controllable subspace and unobservable subspace of large-scale systems 大系统的分散能控子空间与分散不能观测子空间
Information asymmetry in monetary policy has two sources: one is that central~ bank's preference is unobservable; 货币政策信息不对称有两个源泉,一是中央银行的偏好不可观测;
In this paper, an impulsive controllable subspace and two impulsive unobservable subspaces, the impulsive controllability and observability of singular systems are redefined from a new point of view. 本文重新定义了奇异系统的脉冲能控性于空间、脉冲不能观性子空间及脉冲能控、能观性。
With no decomposition of the system, some basic controllable subspaces and unobservable subspaces in singular systems are given directly in closed form by the original parameters of the system. 在不分解原系统的情况下,用原系统参数直接给出了诸能控性、不能观测性子空间的表达式。
An algorithm for the uncontrollable model and the unobservable model of time invariant linear system is given. This algorithm is based on the block diagonal sorting method that computes the deflation subspace of the regular pair matrix. 基于计算正则矩阵对收缩子空间的块对角排序方法,对线性时不变系统不可控模型和不可观测模型提出了一种数值算法。
In order to study the optimal incentive schemes when both manager's ability type and effort are unobservable, this paper sets up an information revelation model of manager. 为了研究当管理者的能力类型和努力都是不可观察时的最优激励方案,建立了一个管理者的信息披露模型。
Unobservable Variable Models and Applications 带有不可观测变量的模型及其应用
This paper sets up an optimal incentive contract model when both venture capitalist's ability genres and effort are unobservable. Following the revelation principle, we analyze and solve the model by applying the optimal controlling theory. 文章建立了风险投资家能力类型和努力都是不可观测条件下的最优激励契约模型,并根据显示原理,利用最优控制理论求出了最优解进而进行了分析。
From the velocity, accelerate, attitude information and observability analysis results, adjusting the weight in real time, which reduce the impact from unobservable state to filtering process. 由载体的速度、加速度和姿态测量信息,由已得到的可观测性分析结果,实时调整权值的大小,减小不可观测状态对滤波过程的影响。
Analyzing the observability of the ultra-tightly integrated navigation system, which results show that there have unobservable state within system, this state change with the movement of body, this unobservability generally much shorter. 对超紧密组合导航系统的可观测性分析表明,系统中存在不可观测量,且随着载体的运动状态的不同可观测性将发生变化,状态的不可观测持续时间一般较短。
For the Petri net model with uncontrollable and unobservable transitions, a supervisor synthesis method based on inhibitor Petri net model and theory of regions has been proposed to resolve the potential deadlock situations. 对带有不可控和不可观变迁Petri网模型,提出了一种基于禁止弧Petri网及区域理论的控制器综合方法,以解决系统中的死锁问题。
He regards the world as two parts: "observable" and "unobservable", and considers the observable world as the empirical world. 他把世界划分为可观察的和不可观察的两部分,认为可观察的世界就是经验世界。
The theory replaced can be thought as approximately true, because part of their description of the unobservable entity is correct. 过去理论可以被看作是近似为真的,因为它们部分正确地描述了不可观察实体。
Since the inflation expectation is a unobservable variable, alternative method were used in the past empirical studies, take the next term inflation data as expected values. 由于通胀预期值是不可观测变量,以往实证研究中或是用下期实际通胀数据代替通胀预期,或是直接使用问卷调查数据,然而这些变通方法都可能导致解释变量和扰动项序列相关。
National performance audit results announcement makes unobservable reality is difficult to measure specifically, and existing performance evaluation methods are inherently flawed and inadequate, resulting in the current theoretical and practical circles have not yet been accepted scientific evaluation. 国家审计结果公告绩效的不可观测性使在现实中很难具体衡量,而且现有的绩效评价方法存在固有的缺陷和不足,致使目前理论界和实务界都还没有公认的科学评价方法。
State space model is used in a wide range of applications, because it can bring unobservable variables into observation equation and estimate them together to get result through the estimation of Kalman filter and smoother with powerful recursive algorithms. 状态空间模型应用范围极广,因为它能将不可观测的变量并入可观测模型,并与其一起估计得到结果,估计公式是具有强大迭代算法的Kalman滤波和平滑公式。