long

adj.

距离 distance

1. （长度或距离）长的
   measuring or covering a great length or distance, or a greater length or distance than usual
   1. She had long dark hair.
      她留着黑黑的长发。
   2. He walked down the long corridor.
      他沿长廊走去。
   3. It was the world's longest bridge.
      那座桥当时是世界上最长的。
   4. a long journey/walk/drive/flight
      长途旅行 / 步行 / 驾驶 / 飞行
   5. We're a long way from anywhere here.
      我们这里离任何一个地方都很远。
   6. It's a long way away .
      那儿离这里很远。
2. （询问或谈论长度或距离）长
   used for asking or talking about particular lengths or distances
   1. How long is the River Nile?
      尼罗河有多长？
   2. The table is six feet long.
      那张桌子长六英尺。
   3. The report is only three pages long.
      这份报告仅有三页。

时间 time

3. 长时间的；长久的；长期的
   lasting or taking a great amount of time or more time than usual
   1. He's been ill (for) a long time .
      他生病很久了。
   2. There was a long silence before she spoke.
      沉默了很长时间她才开口。
   3. I like it now the days are getting longer (= it stays light for more time each day) .
      天越来越长了，我很喜欢。
   4. a long book/film/list (= taking a lot of time to read/watch/deal with)
      篇幅长的书；放映时间长的电影；一份很长的清单
   5. Nurses have to work long hours (= for more hours in the day than is usual) .
      护士都不得不长时间地工作。
   6. He stared at them for the longest time (= for a very long time) before answering.
      他盯着他们看了好长时间才回答。
4. （询问或谈论某段时间）
   used for asking or talking about particular periods of time
   1. How long is the course?
      这门课程开多久？
   2. I think it's only three weeks long.
      我想只有三个星期长。
   3. How long a stay did you have in mind?
      你原打算待多长时间？
5. （因忙或不愉快等）似乎比实际时间长的
   seeming to last or take more time than it really does because, for example, you are very busy or not happy
   1. I'm tired. It's been a long day.
      我累了。这一天可真够长的。
   2. We were married for ten long years.
      我们结婚有十年之久了。

衣物 clothes

6. 长的（完全或大部分覆盖腿或臂的）
   covering all or most of your legs or arms
   1. She usually wears long skirts.
      她通常穿长裙。
   2. a long-sleeved shirt
      长袖衬衫

元音 vowel sounds

7. 长音的
   taking more time to make than a short vowel sound in the same position

adv.

1. 长期地；长久地
   for a long time
   1. Have you been here long?
      你来这里时间长吗？
   2. Stay as long as you like.
      你愿待多久就待多久。
   3. The party went on long into the night.
      聚会持续到深夜。
   4. This may take longer than we thought.
      这事花的时间也许比我们预料的要多些。
   5. I won't be long (= I'll return, be ready, etc. soon) .
      我一会儿就行。
   6. How long have you been waiting?
      你等了多久了？
   7. These reforms are long overdue.
      这些改革早就该进行了。
2. （在某一时间或事件之前或以后）很久地
   a long time before or after a particular time or event
   1. He retired long before the war.
      他在战争之前早就退休了。
   2. It wasn't long before she had persuaded him (= it only took a short time) .
      她没用多久就把他说服了。
   3. We'll be home before long (= soon) .
      我们很快就要到家了。
   4. The house was pulled down long ago .
      那栋房子很久以前就被拆掉了。
   5. They had long since (= a long time before the present time) moved away.
      他们早就搬走了。
3. （用于名词后强调某事发生在某整段时间）
   used after a noun to emphasize that sth happens for the whole of a particular period of time
   1. We had to wait all day long .
      我们不得不整天等候着。
   2. The baby was crying all night long .
      婴儿整夜在哭。
   3. They stayed up the whole night long .
      他们彻夜未眠。

verb

1. （尤指对看似不会很快发生的事）渴望
   to want sth very much especially if it does not seem likely to happen soon
   1. Lucy had always longed for a brother.
      露西一直渴望有个弟弟。
   2. He longed for Pat to phone.
      他期盼着帕特来电话。
   3. I'm longing to see you again.
      我渴望再次见到你。

TIME 时间

1. ADV-GRADED 长时间的；长久的；长期的
   Long means a great amount of time or for a great amount of time.
   1. Repairs to the cable did not take too long...
      电缆的维修没有花太长的时间。
   2. Have you known her parents long?...
      你认识她父母很长时间了吗？
   3. I learned long ago to avoid these invitations...
      我很早就学会怎样躲开这种邀请了。
   4. The railway had obviously been built long after the house...
      显然，这条铁路是房子建成后很久才造的。
   5. Chess has long been regarded as a measure of intellect.
      国际象棋长久以来被认为是智慧的体现。
   6. ...long-established social traditions.
      确立已久的社会传统
2. ADJ-GRADED （事件或时期）持续时间长的，花长时间的
   A long event or period of time lasts for a great amount of time or takes a great amount of time.
   1. We had a long meeting with the attorney general...
      我们和检察总长开了一个长会。
   2. She is planning a long holiday in Egypt and America...
      她计划去埃及和美国度长假。
   3. They sat looking at each other for a long while...
      他们坐着对视了很长时间。
   4. He must have started writing his book a long time ago.
      他一定很久以前就开始写这本书了。
3. ADV-GRADED （多）长（时间）
   You use long to ask or talk about amounts of time.
   1. How long have you lived around here?...
      你住在这一带有多长时间了？
   2. He has been on a diet for as long as any of his friends can remember...
      在朋友的记忆中，他一直都在节食。
   3. She reflected no longer than a second before she decisively slit the envelope.
      她考虑了那么一瞬间就果决地撕开了信封。
   4. Long is also an adjective.
      
   5. How long is the usual stay in hospital?...
      住院通常要多长时间？
   6. The average commuter journey there is five hours long.
      那里的通勤一族平均上下班要花5个小时。
   7. Long is also a combining form.
      （亦可用于构词）
   8. She'd just returned from a month-long visit to Egypt.
      她去了埃及一个月，刚刚回来。
4. ADJ-GRADED 篇幅长的
   A long speech, book, film, or list contains a lot of information or a lot of items and takes a lot of time to listen to, read, watch, or deal with.
   1. He was making quite a long speech...
      他的讲话颇为冗长。
   2. This is a long film, three hours and seven minutes.
      这部电影较长，有3小时7分钟。
5. ADJ-GRADED 超长的；过长的；拖长的
   If you describe a period of time or work as long, you mean it lasts for more hours or days than is usual, or seems to last for more time than it actually does.
   1. Go to sleep. I've got a long day tomorrow...
      睡觉吧。我明天还得忙呢。
   2. She was a TV reporter and worked long hours...
      她是个电视台记者，总是工作到很晚。
   3. This has been the longest week of my life.
      这是我一辈子过的最长的一个星期。
6. （记忆力）强的，好的
   If someone has a long memory, they are able to remember things that happened far back in the past.
7. ADV 始终；整个地
   Long is used in expressions such as all year long ,the whole day long, and your whole life long to say and emphasize that something happens for the whole of a particular period of time.
   1. We played that record all night long...
      我们整晚都在放那张唱片。
   2. Snow is sometimes found all summer long upon the highest peaks.
      有时候山峰上整个夏天都有积雪。

DISTANCE AND SIZE 距离和大小

1. ADJ-GRADED （长度）长的
   Something that is long measures a great distance from one end to the other.
   1. ...a long table...
      长桌
   2. A long line of people formed outside the doctor's office...
      医生的诊所外排了长长的一队人。
   3. Her hair was long and dark...
      她的头发又长又黑。
   4. Her legs were long and thin.
      她两腿细长。
2. ADJ-GRADED （距离、旅途、路程等）长的
   A long distance is a great distance. A long journey or route covers a great distance.
   1. His destination was Chobham Common, a long way from his Cotswold home...
      他的目的地是乔伯姆公地，那里和他在科茨沃尔德的家离得很远。
   2. The long journey tired him...
      长途旅行使他疲惫不堪。
   3. I went for a long walk.
      我去散了很长一段步。
3. ADJ （衣服、衣袖或下摆）长的
   A long piece of clothing covers the whole of someone's legs or more of their legs than usual. Clothes with long sleeves cover the whole of someone's arms.
   1. She is wearing a long black dress.
      她身穿一袭黑色长裙。
   2. ...a long-sleeved blouse.
      长袖女式衬衫
4. ADJ-GRADED （从一端到另一端）（多）长的
   You use long to talk or ask about the distance something measures from one end to the other.
   1. An eight-week-old embryo is only an inch long...
      8星期大的胚胎只有一英寸长。
   2. How long is the tunnel?...
      隧道有多长？
   3. In the roots of the olives, you could find centipedes as long as a pencil.
      在橄榄树的根部可以找到像铅笔一样长的蜈蚣。
   4. Long is also a combining form.
      （亦可用于构词）
   5. ...a three-foot-long gash in the tanker's side.
      油轮一侧3英尺长的划口
5. ADJ-GRADED 似乎比实际距离长的
   If you describe a distance as long, you mean it seems to be greater than it actually is.
   1. It was five long miles to the nearest pub.
      离最近的酒吧有长长的5英里的路程。

PHRASES 短语

1. PHR-CONJ-SUBORD 只要
   If you say that something is the case as long as or so long as something else is the case, you mean that it is only the case if the second thing is the case.
   1. The interior minister said he would still support them, as long as they didn't break the rules...
      内政部长说，只要他们不违规，他仍然会支持他们。
   2. The president need not step down so long as the elections are held under international supervision.
      只要选举在国际监督下进行，总统就不用下台。
2. PHRASE 马上就到；很快回来；为时不远
   If you say that someone won't be long, you mean that you think they will arrive or be back soon. If you say that it won't be long before something happens, you mean that you think it will happen soon.
   1. 'What's happened to her?' — 'I'm sure she won't be long.'...
      “她怎么回事？”——“我相信她快到了。”
   2. If every tune from Radiohead is as good as this one is, it can't be long before they are household names.
      如果电台司令乐队的每首歌都像这首这么棒的话，那它很快便会家喻户晓了。
3. PHRASE 行将；不久；很快
   If you say that something will happen or happened before long, you mean that it will happen or happened soon.
   1. German interest rates will come down before long...
      德国的利率水平很快就会降下来。
   2. Before long he took over the editing of the magazine.
      他不久就接手负责杂志的编辑工作。
4. PHRASE （表示支持和愿望）万岁/永存
   You use long live and long may in expressions such as 'long live the Queen' and 'long may it continue' to express your support for someone or something and your hope that they will live or last a long time.
   1. Long live freedom!...
      自由万岁！
   2. It is a free world where we are all entitled to our opinions. Long may it remain so.
      这是个自由世界，人人都有权发表自己的意见。我们愿此永恒不变。
5. PHRASE 不再；已不
   Something that is no longer the case used to be the case but is not the case now. You can also say that something is not the case any longer .
   1. Food shortages are no longer a problem...
      食物短缺不再是个问题。
   2. She could no longer afford to keep him at school...
      她已无法再供他读书。
   3. I noticed that he wasn't sitting by the door any longer.
      我注意到他已经不再坐在门边了。
6. CONVENTION 再见；回见
   You can say so long as an informal way of saying goodbye.
   1. Well, so long, pal, see you around.
      再见了，朋友，咱们回见。
7. as long as your arm → see: arm

VERB USES 动词用法

1. See also: Steve longed for the good old days... I'm longing to meet her... He longed for the winter to be over. longing

1. Repairs to the cable did not take too long
   电缆的维修没有花太长的时间。
2. Have you known her parents long?
   你认识她父母很长时间了吗？
3. I learned long ago to avoid these invitations
   我很早就学会怎样躲开这种邀请了。
4. The railway had obviously been built long after the house
   显然，这条铁路是房子建成后很久才造的。
5. Chess has long been regarded as a measure of intellect.
   国际象棋长久以来被认为是智慧的体现。
6. We had a long meeting with the attorney general
   我们和检察总长开了一个长会。
7. She is planning a long holiday in Egypt and America
   她计划去埃及和美国度长假。
8. They sat looking at each other for a long while
   他们坐着对视了很长时间。
9. He must have started writing his book a long time ago.
   他一定很久以前就开始写这本书了。
10. How long have you lived around here?
    你住在这一带有多长时间了？
11. He has been on a diet for as long as any of his friends can remember
    在朋友的记忆中，他一直都在节食。
12. She reflected no longer than a second before she decisively slit the envelope.
    她考虑了那么一瞬间就果决地撕开了信封。
13. He was making quite a long speech
    他的讲话颇为冗长。
14. This is a long film, three hours and seven minutes.
    这部电影较长，有3小时7分钟。
15. Go to sleep. I've got a long day tomorrow
    睡觉吧。我明天还得忙呢。
16. She was a TV reporter and worked long hours
    她是个电视台记者，总是工作到很晚。
17. This has been the longest week of my life.
    这是我一辈子过的最长的一个星期。
18. We played that record all night long
    我们整晚都在放那张唱片。
19. A long line of people formed outside the doctor's office
    医生的诊所外排了长长的一队人。
20. His destination was Chobham Common, a long way from his Cotswold home
    他的目的地是乔伯姆公地，那里和他在科茨沃尔德的家离得很远。
21. She is wearing a long black dress.
    她身穿一袭黑色长裙。
22. An eight-week-old embryo is only an inch long
    8星期大的胚胎只有一英寸长。
23. The interior minister said he would still support them, as long as they didn't break the rules
    内政部长说，只要他们不违规，他仍然会支持他们。
24. 'What's happened to her?' — 'I'm sure she won't be long.'
    “她怎么回事？”——“我相信她快到了。”
25. German interest rates will come down before long
    德国的利率水平很快就会降下来。
26. Long live freedom!
    自由万岁！
27. Food shortages are no longer a problem
    食物短缺不再是个问题。
28. Well, so long, pal, see you around.
    再见了，朋友，咱们回见。
29. Steve longed for the good old days
    史蒂夫渴望重度昔日的美好时光。

  yearn crave desire long pine【导航词义：渴望】

  yearn v. 〈文〉渴望，向往

〔辨析〕尤指渴望得到很难得到的事物，或做难以如愿之事，常伴有些许不安或痛苦。

  crave v. 〈书〉渴望，热望

〔辨析〕指非常强烈、几乎无法控制地渴望某事物，有时甚至是不好的事物。

  desire v. 〈正式〉渴望，期望

〔辨析〕强调主观愿望上热切渴望某事物，多指可以达成的事情，常含尽力争取的意味，不用进行时。

  long v. 渴望，极想

〔辨析〕普通用词，尤指渴望看似不会很快发生的事发生，常后接介词 for 或动词不定式。

  pine for phr. v. 渴望

〔辨析〕尤指渴望得到不太可能得到的事物，含苦苦思念之意。

adj.

as long as your arm

• 很长
  very long
  1. There's a list of repairs as long as your arm.
     有一份长得要命的修理单。

at long last

• 最后；终于
  after a long time
  1. At long last his prayers had been answered.
     他的祷告终于应验了。

at the longest

• 最长，至多（不超过某特定时间）
  not longer than the particular time given
  1. It will take an hour at the longest.
     这事最多花一小时。

by a long way

• 大量地；大大地
  by a great amount

go back a long way

• 相识很久
  to have known each other for a long time
  1. We go back a long way, he and I.
     我跟他，我们俩相识很久了。

go a long way

• 经用；够维持很长时间
  to last a long time
  1. She seems to make her money go a long way.
     看起来她用钱细水长流。
  2. A small amount of this paint goes a long way (= covers a large area) .
     这种涂料用一点就可涂一大片。
  3. I find that a little of Jerry's company can go a long way (= I quickly get tired of being with him) .
     我发觉跟杰里待上一会儿就受不了啦。

have come a long way

• 取得大的进步；大有长进
  to have made a lot of progress
  1. We've come a long way since the early days of the project.
     这项目开始以来我们已取得很大进展。

have a long way to go

• 还有很长的路要走；还有很大差距
  to need to make a lot of progress before you can achieve sth
  1. She still has a long way to go before she's fully fit.
     她还需要很长时间才能完全恢复健康。

How long is a piece of string?

• 一条线有多长（意指没有确切的答案）
  used to say that there is no definite answer to a question
  1. ‘How long will it take?’ ‘How long's a piece of string?’
     “需要多长时间？”“没准儿。”

in the long run

• 从长远来看
  concerning a longer period in the future
  1. This measure inevitably means higher taxes in the long run.
     从长远来看这项举措的结果就是要多纳税。

It's a long story.

• 一言难尽；说来话长
  used to say that the reasons for sth are complicated and you would prefer not to give all the details

the long arm of sth

• （某事物的）权力，权威
  the power and/or authority of sth
  1. There is no escape from the long arm of the law.
     法网恢恢，疏而不漏。

the long and (the) short of it

• 总而言之；总的情况
  used when you are telling sb the essential facts about sth or what effect it will have, without explaining all the details

(pull, wear, etc.) a long face

• 闷闷不乐；哭丧着脸；愁眉苦脸
  (to have) an unhappy or disappointed expression

long in the tooth

• 年齿渐长；老朽
  old or too old

long on sth

• 擅长；颇具（某种特性）
  having a lot of a particular quality
  1. The government is long on ideas but short on performance.
     这个政府想法很多但执行的却太少。

a long shot

• 成功希望不大的尝试；把握不大的猜测；姑妄一猜
  an attempt or a guess that is not likely to be successful but is worth trying
  1. It's a long shot, but it just might work.
     没有什么把握，但也许行得通。

long time no see

• 好久不见了
  used to say hello to sb you have not seen for a long time

not by a long chalk

• 差得远；绝不；一点也不
  not nearly; not at all
  1. It's not over yet─not by a long chalk.
     这事还没有了结——远远没有。

take a long (cool/hard) look at sth

• 极其慎重地考虑（问题或可能性）
  to consider a problem or possibility very carefully and without hurrying
  1. We need to take a long hard look at all the options.
     我们需要十分谨慎地考虑所有的选择。

take the long view (of sth)

• 从长远考虑
  to consider what is likely to happen or be important over a long period of time rather than only considering the present situation

to cut a long story short

• 长话短说；扼要地说；简而言之
  used when you are saying that you will get to the point of what you are saying quickly, without including all the details

it's as broad as it's long

• 两种选择都一样
  it makes no real difference which of two possible choices you make

in the long/short/medium term

• 长 / 短 / 中期内
  used to describe what will happen a long, short, etc. time in the future
  1. Such a development seems unlikely, at least in the short term (= it will not happen for quite a long time).
     发生这样的情况看来可能性不大，起码短期之内应当如此。

go a long/some way towards doing sth

• （对做某事）帮助很大 / 不大，作用很大 / 不大
  to help very much/a little in achieving sth
  1. The new law goes a long way towards solving the problem.
     新的法律十分有助于解决这一问题。

adv.

as/so long as

• 只要
  only if
  1. We'll go as long as the weather is good.
     只要天气好我们就去。
• 既然；由于；就…来说
  since; to the extent that
  1. So long as there is a demand for these drugs, the financial incentive for drug dealers will be there.
     只要对这些毒品有需求，也就存在着对贩毒者的经济诱因。

for (so) long

• 长久地；（这么）长时间地
  for (such) a long time
  1. Will you be away for long?
     你要离开很久吗？
  2. I'm sorry I haven't written to you for so long.
     真抱歉，我这么长时间未给你写信了。

how long have you got?

• 你有多少时间（指需要很长时间来解释）
  used to say that sth is going to take a long time to explain
  1. What do I think about it? How long have you got?
     我是怎么想的？说来话长，你有工夫听吗？

long live sb/sth

• …万岁；…万古常青
  used to say that you hope sb/sth will live or last for a long time

no/any longer

• 不再；不复
  used to say that sth which was possible or true before, is not now
  1. I can't wait any longer.
     我不能再等了。
  2. He no longer lives here.
     他不再住这儿了。

so long

• 再见
  goodbye

he who laughs last laughs longest

• 别高兴得太早
  used to tell sb not to be too proud of their present success; in the end another person may be more successful