pile

noun

1. 摞；垛；沓
   a number of things that have been placed on top of each other
   1. a pile of books/clothes/bricks
      一摞书籍 / 衣物 / 砖块
   2. He arranged the documents in neat piles.
      他把文件一摞摞地码得整整齐齐。
   3. She looked in horror at the mounting pile of letters on her desk.
      她惶恐地望着桌子上堆积如山的信函。
2. 堆；成堆的东西
   a mass of sth that is high in the middle and wider at the bottom than at the top
   1. a pile of sand
      一堆沙
   2. piles of dirty washing
      成堆待洗的脏衣物
3. 大量；许多
   a lot of sth
   1. I have got piles of work to do.
      我有大量工作要做。
   2. He walked out leaving a pile of debts behind him.
      他出走了，留下累累债务。
4. 绒头；绒毛
   the short threads, pieces of wool, etc. that form the soft surface of carpets and some types of cloth such as velvet
   1. a deep-pile carpet
      一块厚绒地毯
5. 桩；桩柱
   a large wooden, metal or stone post that is fixed into the ground and used to support a building, bridge, etc.
6. 宏伟建筑物
   a large impressive building

verb

1. 堆放；摞起；叠放
   to put things one on top of another; to form a pile
   1. She piled the boxes one on top of the other .
      她把盒子一个个地摞起来。
   2. The clothes were piled high on the chair.
      衣服在椅子上堆得高高的。
   3. Snow was piled up against the door.
      积雪封门。
2. 放置；装入
   to put sth on/into sth; to load sth with sth
   1. The sofa was piled high with cushions.
      沙发上高高地堆着一些垫子。
   2. She piled everything into her suitcase.
      她把一应物品装进衣箱。
   3. He piled as much food as he could onto his plate.
      他把食物猛往自己盘子里堆。
   4. He piled his plate with as much food as he could.
      他把食物猛往自己盘子里堆。
3. 蜂拥；拥挤
   to go somewhere quickly without order or control
   1. The coach finally arrived and we all piled on.
      长途汽车终于开来了，我们一拥而上。

1. N-COUNT （上窄下宽的）堆
   A pile of things is a mass of them that is high in the middle and has sloping sides.
   1. ...a pile of sand...
      一堆沙子
   2. ...a little pile of crumbs...
      一小堆面包屑
   3. The leaves had been swept into huge piles.
      树叶被扫成了一大堆一大堆的。
2. N-COUNT （一个压着一个摆放整齐的）叠，摞
   A pile of things is a quantity of things that have been put neatly somewhere so that each thing is on top of the one below.
   1. ...a pile of boxes...
      一叠盒子
   2. We sat in Sam's study, among the piles of books...
      我们坐在萨姆的书房里，身边是一堆一堆的书。
   3. The clothes were folded in a neat pile.
      衣服叠放成整齐的一摞。

A pile of things can be tidy or untidy. …a neat pile of clothes. A heap is usually untidy, and often has the shape of a hill or mound. Now, the house is a heap of rubble. A stack is usually tidy, and often consists of flat objects placed directly on top of each other. …a neat stack of dishes.
pile既可指整齐的一叠，也可指杂乱的一堆：a neat pile of clothes（整齐的一叠衣服）。heap 通常指杂乱的、常呈小山或土墩状的一堆：Now, the house is a heap of rubble（现在，房子成了一堆瓦砾）。stack通常指整齐的、常是扁平物体叠放在一起的一摞：a neat stack of dishes（整齐的一摞盘子）。

3. VERB 堆放；堆积；叠架
   If you pile things somewhere, you put them there so that they form a pile.
   1. He was piling clothes into the suitcase...
      他在把衣服一件件叠放进手提箱中。
   2. A few newspapers and magazines were piled on a table.
      几份报纸和杂志堆在桌上。
4. VERB 成堆地盖住（或装满）
   If something is piled with things, it is covered or filled with piles of things.
   1. Tables were piled high with local produce.
      桌上高高堆放着当地的农产品。
   2. ...trucks piled with luggage.
      塞满成堆行李的卡车
5. QUANT 一大堆；大量
   If you talk about a pile of something or piles of something, you mean a large amount of it.
   1. I've got a pile of questions afterwards for you.
      我有一大堆的问题等着过后问你。
   2. ...a whole pile of disasters.
      灾难迭至
6. VERB 拥进/拥出；挤进/挤出
   If a group of people pile into or out of a vehicle, they all get into it or out of it in a disorganized way.
   1. They all piled into Jerrold's car...
      他们一窝蜂地挤进杰罗尔德的车里。
   2. A fleet of police cars suddenly arrived. Dozens of officers piled out.
      突然开来一队警车，数十个警察一拥而出。
7. N-COUNT （尤指富人或要人居住的）高大宏伟的建筑物
   You can refer to a large impressive building as a pile, especially when it is the home of a rich important person.
   1. ...some stately pile in the country.
      乡下某座恢宏气派的建筑
8. N-COUNT （房屋和桥梁的）桩，桩柱
   Piles are wooden, concrete, or metal posts which are pushed into the ground and on which buildings or bridges are built. Piles are often used in very wet areas so that the buildings do not flood.
   1. ...settlements of wooden houses, set on piles along the shore.
      建在沿岸桩柱上的木制房屋居住区
9. 痔疮
   Piles are painful swellings that can appear in the veins inside a person's anus.
10. N-SING （地毯或织物的）绒面，绒毛，绒头
    The pile of a carpet or of a fabric such as velvet is its soft surface. It consists of a lot of little threads standing on end.
    1. ...the carpet's thick pile.
       地毯的厚绒
11. 处于（社会或某组织的）下层/上层
    Someone who is at the bottom of the pile is low down in society or low down in an organization. Someone who is at the top of the pile is high up in society or high up in an organization.

1. Three people were hurt in a 12-car pile up on a fog-bound motorway yesterday.
   昨天在大雾弥漫的高速公路上发生的12辆汽车连环相撞事故导致3人受伤。
2. On the table beside an empty plate was a pile of books
   桌上空盘子的旁边是一堆书。
3. He burrowed into the pile of charts feverishly.
   他非常紧张地在一堆图表中翻找。
4. I was looking for my handbag, which was buried under a pile of old newspapers.
   我正在找我那被埋在一堆旧报纸下面的手提包。
5. He put the pile of chips in the center of the table and drew a card.
   他将一堆筹码堆在桌子中间，抽了一张牌。
6. Its brass feet dented the carpet's thick pile.
   其黄铜支脚把厚绒地毯压出了印。
7. She dug out a photograph from under a pile of papers.
   她从一堆报纸下面抽出一张照片。
8. Pile potatoes into a warm serving dish.
   把土豆倒在一个保温的盛菜用的盘子里。
9. She undressed and put her wet clothes in a neat pile in the corner.
   她脱掉衣服，把湿衣服整齐地码成一堆放在角落里。
10. Pick over the fruit and pile on top of the cream.
    拣出好的水果，码放在奶油上。
11. The leaves had been swept into huge piles.
    树叶被扫成了一大堆一大堆的。
12. We sat in Sam's study, among the piles of books
    我们坐在萨姆的书房里，身边是一堆一堆的书。
13. The clothes were folded in a neat pile.
    衣服叠放成整齐的一摞。
14. He was piling clothes into the suitcase
    他在把衣服一件件叠放进手提箱中。
15. A few newspapers and magazines were piled on a table.
    几份报纸和杂志堆在桌上。
16. Tables were piled high with local produce.
    桌上高高堆放着当地的农产品。
17. I've got a pile of questions afterwards for you.
    我有一大堆的问题等着过后问你。
18. They all piled into Jerrold's car
    他们一窝蜂地挤进杰罗尔德的车里。
19. A fleet of police cars suddenly arrived. Dozens of officers piled out.
    突然开来一队警车，数十个警察一拥而出。
20. On the table was a pile of books and a scatter of papers.
    桌子上放着一摞书和零落的几份报纸。
21. The entire pile shifted and slid, thumping onto the floor.
    那整整一摞东西动了一下后滑落下来，嘭的一声全掉到了地上。
22. As the aeroplane went down the runway the wing touched a pile of rubble.
    飞机降落沿跑道滑行的时候机翼擦到了一堆碎石。
23. Under a wide shelf that holds coffee jars stands a pile of magazines
    放咖啡罐的一个宽架子下方有一摞杂志。
24. Then with a loud explosion a hand-grenade immediately blew the whole group of officers into a disorderly pile of dead bodies.
    “砰”，一颗手榴弹把那一伙当官的炸得血肉横飞。
25. I have a huge pile of books to read.
    我有一大堆书要看。
26. I opened the window and a pile of leaves blew into the house.
    我打开窗子，一大堆树叶吹进了屋里。
27. Pile these newspapers neatly.
    把这些报纸码齐了。
28. I've a pile of work to knock off before I can take my holiday.
    在我去度假之前，还有一大堆事情得干完。
29. He's made a pile of money.
    他的钱海了去了。
30. The letter was buried under a pile of papers on the desk.
    信被压在桌上一叠文件底下。

  heap pile stack【导航词义：堆叠】

  heap v. 堆积，堆放

〔辨析〕通常指把东西杂乱地堆集在一起，不强调整齐。

  pile v. 堆放，摞起

〔辨析〕既可指把东西较整齐地叠放起来，又可指把东西杂乱地堆起来。

  stack v. 堆积，堆放

〔辨析〕指把东西较整齐地堆放起来。

pile on

1. 剧增；猛增
   to increase quickly
   1. a pile of books/clothes/bricks
      一摞书籍 / 衣物 / 砖块
   2. He arranged the documents in neat piles.
      他把文件一摞摞地码得整整齐齐。
   3. She looked in horror at the mounting pile of letters on her desk.
      她惶恐地望着桌子上堆积如山的信函。

pile sth↔on

1. 使迅速增加；猛增
   to make sth increase rapidly
   1. I have got piles of work to do.
      我有大量工作要做。
   2. He walked out leaving a pile of debts behind him.
      他出走了，留下累累债务。
2. 夸张；夸大其词
   to express a feeling in a much stronger way than is necessary
   1. a deep-pile carpet
      一块厚绒地毯
3. 过度施加；猛增某物
   to give sb more or too much of sth

pile sth on(to) sb

1. 给…增加工作；使负担加重
   to give sb a lot of sth to do, carry, etc.

pile up

1. 堆积；积压
   to become larger in quantity or amount
   1. The sofa was piled high with cushions.
      沙发上高高地堆着一些垫子。
   2. She piled everything into her suitcase.
      她把一应物品装进衣箱。
   3. He piled as much food as he could onto his plate.
      他把食物猛往自己盘子里堆。
   4. He piled his plate with as much food as he could.
      他把食物猛往自己盘子里堆。

n.

(at the) bottom/top of the pile

• 处于无足轻重的 / 举足轻重的地位
  in the least/most important position in a group of people or things

make a/your pile

• 赚很多钱
  to make a lot of money

v.

pile on the agony/gloom

• 使雪上加霜；伤口上撒盐
  to make an unpleasant situation worse
  1. Bosses piled on the agony with threats of more job losses.
     老板威胁要削减更多的员工，令情况更加恶化。

noun

1. a nuclear reactor that uses controlled nuclear fission to generate energy

   Synonym:    atomic pileatomic reactorchain reactor

2. the yarn (as in a rug or velvet or corduroy) that stands up from the weave
   1. for uniform color and texture tailors cut velvet with the pile running the same direction

   Synonym:    nap

3. a column of wood or steel or concrete that is driven into the ground to provide support for a structure

   Synonym:    spilepilingstilt

4. battery consisting of voltaic cells arranged in series

   Synonym:    voltaic pilegalvanic pile

5. fine soft dense hair (as the fine short hair of cattle or deer or the wool of sheep or the undercoat of certain dogs)

   Synonym:    down

6. a collection of objects laid on top of each other

   Synonym:    heapmoundagglomeratecumulationcumulus

7. a large sum of money (especially as pay or profit)
   1. she made a bundle selling real estate
   2. they sank megabucks into their new house

   Synonym:    bundlebig bucksmegabucksbig money

8. (often followed by `of') a large number or amount or extent
   1. a batch of letters
   2. a deal of trouble
   3. a lot of money
   4. he made a mint on the stock market
   5. see the rest of the winners in our huge passel of photos
   6. it must have cost plenty
   7. a slew of journalists
   8. a wad of money

   Synonym:    batchdealflockgood dealgreat dealhatfulheaplotmassmessmicklemintmountainmucklepasselpeckplentypotquite a littleraftsightslewspatestacktidy sumwad

verb

1. place or lay as if in a pile
   1. The teacher piled work on the students until the parents protested

2. arrange in stacks
   1. heap firewood around the fireplace
   2. stack your books up on the shelves

   Synonym:    stackheap

3. press tightly together or cram
   1. The crowd packed the auditorium

   Synonym:    throngmobpackjam