absence

noun

1. 缺席；不在
   the fact of sb being away from a place where they are usually expected to be; the occasion or period of time when sb is away
   1. absence from work
      缺勤
   2. repeated absences from school
      一再缺课
   3. The decision was made in my absence (= while I was not there) .
      这个决定是我不在的时候作出的。
   4. We did not receive any news during his long absence.
      我们在他长期离开的时候没有得到一点消息。
2. 不存在；缺乏
   the fact of sb/sth not existing or not being available; a lack of sth
   1. The case was dismissed in the absence of any definite proof.
      此案因缺乏确凿证据而不予受理。
   2. the absence of any women on the board of directors
      董事会成员中没有女性的现象

1. N-VAR 不在；缺席
   Someone's absence from a place is the fact that they are not there.
   1. ...a bundle of letters which had arrived for me in my absence...
      我不在期间寄给我的一大堆信件
   2. Eleanor would later blame her mother-in-law for her husband's frequent absences.
      埃莉诺过后会因丈夫经常不在家而责怪婆婆。
2. N-SING 缺乏；不存在
   The absence of something from a place is the fact that it is not there or does not exist.
   1. The presence or absence of clouds can have an important impact on heat transfer...
      有无云层对热量的传递会产生重要的影响。
   2. In the absence of a will the courts decide who the guardian is.
      在没有遗嘱的情况下，由法庭指定监护人。
3. See also: leave of absence

1. In the absence of such evidence, there is no a priori hypothesis to work with.
   没有此类证据，就没有可以推理的前提。
2. Eleanor would later blame her mother-in-law for her husband's frequent absences.
   埃莉诺过后会因丈夫经常不在家而责怪婆婆。
3. The presence or absence of clouds can have an important impact on heat transfer
   有无云层对热量的传递会产生重要的影响。
4. In the absence of a will the courts decide who the guardian is.
   在没有遗嘱的情况下，由法庭指定监护人。
5. A role as senior diplomat would be a good alibi for his absence.
   高级外交官的角色将是他缺席的上佳托词。
6. The toy glider she left him as a Christmas present was no compensation for her absence.
   她留给他作为圣诞礼物的玩具滑翔机并不能替代她的存在。
7. He played no part in the game and was conspicuous by his absence in the post-match celebrations.
   比赛时他没有上场，并且由于没有参加赛后的庆祝活动而引起了大家的关注。
8. Wabel's victory was in no way devalued by the absence of series leader Tom Fisher.
   瓦贝尔的胜利绝没有因系列赛领先者汤姆·费希尔的缺阵而失色。
9. David is now living in Beirut again after an enforced absence.
   戴维在被迫离开后，现在又回到了贝鲁特生活。
10. In our absence the office gossips are probably having a field day
    我们不在的时候，办公室里大概谣言四起了吧。
11. There has been much gossip about the possible reasons for his absence
    关于他缺席的原因有很多传言。
12. She did not mention her mother's absence
    她并没有说起她母亲不在场的事。
13. There is more to good health than the mere absence of disease
    身体健康不仅仅指不生病，还包括更多。
14. The official reason given for the President's absence was sickness.
    对外公布的总统未到场原因是身体有恙。
15. The competition has been thrown wide open by the absence of the world champion.
    由于世界冠军缺阵，这场比赛变得胜负难定。
16. He has been placed on a paid leave of absence while investigations are made.
    调查进行期间，单位给他放了带薪假。
17. The absence of children at Christmas preyed on Liz's mind
    利兹因为圣诞节时孩子们不在而一直心神不宁。
18. A military court sentenced him to death in his absence
    一所军事法庭在他缺席的情况下判处他死刑。
19. It's not quite peace in the strictest sense of the word, rather the absence of war.
    严格说来，这并不是真正的和平，只是没有战争罢了。
20. Everyone understood how hard it was to get back into the swing of things after such a long absence.
    每个人都知道这么长时间不在，再重新完全融入进来有多难。
21. I suspect he isn't altogether unhappy about my absence
    我猜想他对我的缺席并没有感到很不高兴。
22. A complete absence of national border controls is as utopian today as the vision of world government.
    在今天，完全取消国家边界控制的观点与建立一个世界政府的想法一样不切实际。
23. Their absence spoke volumes.
    他们的缺席已经充分说明了问题。
24. 'Was it strange for you, going back after such a long absence?' — 'Yes and no.'
    “那么长时间不在，然后又回来，你会觉得陌生吗？”——“既陌生又不陌生。”
25. In the absence of actual data no reliance can be placed on such figures.
    在缺乏实际资料的情况下，这样的数据不可靠。
26. Work has piled up during his absence.
    在他离开期间工作堆积起来了。
27. He took my place during my absence.
    在我缺勤期间他代替了我。
28. The team was crippled by his absence.
    他的缺席使这支球队的实力削弱。
29. The progress of negotiation between the two sides has slowed down owing to their absence.
    双方的谈判因为他们的缺席而迟缓下来。
30. Original mail returned in the absence of the addressee.
    收信人不在，原件退回。

  shortage absence lack want【导航词义：短缺】

  shortage n. 缺少，短缺

〔辨析〕指供小于求，即达不到需要或规定的数量。

  absence n. 缺乏；缺席

〔辨析〕指某物根本不存在或完全短缺，也指某人未在现场。

  lack n. 缺乏，不足

〔辨析〕普通用词，指完全没有或不够充足，通常用于抽象事物。

  want n. 缺乏，匮乏

〔辨析〕指完全没有或短缺某物，强调所缺之物是必需的东西，使用范围比lack 要窄一些；也指因没有食物、钱等造成的贫困。

n.

absence makes the heart grow fonder

• 不相见，倍思念
  used to say that when you are away from sb that you love, you love them even more

conspicuous by your absence

• （本应在场）因缺席而招人注意
  not present in a situation or place, when it is obvious that you should be there
  1. When it came to cleaning up afterwards, Anne was conspicuous by her absence.
     后来到做扫除时，本应在场的安妮却因为不在而引起了注意。

noun

1. failure to be present

2. the state of being absent
   1. he was surprised by the absence of any explanation

3. the occurrence of an abrupt, transient loss or impairment of consciousness (which is not subsequently remembered), sometimes with light twitching, fluttering eyelids, etc.

   Synonym:    absence seizure

4. the time interval during which something or somebody is away
   1. he visited during my absence