should

modal verb

1. （常用于纠正别人）应该，应当
   used to show what is right, appropriate, etc., especially when criticizing sb's actions
   1. You shouldn't drink and drive.
      你不该酒后驾车。
   2. He should have been more careful.
      他应当更小心点儿才是。
   3. A present for me? You shouldn't have ! (= used to thank sb politely)
      给我的礼物？您太客气了！
2. （提出或征询建议）该，可以
   used for giving or asking for advice
   1. You should stop worrying about it.
      你该不要再为此事担忧了。
   2. Should I call him and apologize?
      我是不是应该打电话向他道歉？
   3. I should wait a little longer, if I were you .
      假如我是你的话，我会再等一会儿。
   4. ‘She doesn't think she'll get a job.’ ‘She should worry, with all her qualifications (= she does not need to worry) .’
      “她担心找不到工作。”“她那么好的条件，还担心什么呀。”
3. （表示预期）应该会，可能
   used to say that you expect sth is true or will happen
   1. We should arrive before dark.
      我们天黑以前应该能赶到。
   2. I should have finished the book by Friday.
      到星期五我应该能读完那本书。
   3. The roads should be less crowded today.
      今天路上该不那么拥挤了吧。
4. （表示与预期相反）本应，本当
   used to say that sth that was expected has not happened
   1. It should be snowing now, according to the weather forecast.
      按天气预报，现在该下雪才是。
   2. The bus should have arrived ten minutes ago.
      公共汽车十分钟以前就该到了。
5. （与I或we连用代替would，表示虚拟结果）就将
   used after I or we instead of would for describing what you would do if sth else happened first
   1. If I were asked to work on Sundays, I should resign.
      要是叫我星期天加班，我就辞职不干了。
6. （表示可能）假如，万一
   used to refer to a possible event or situation
   1. If you should change your mind, do let me know.
      假如你改变主意的话，一定要告诉我。
   2. In case you should need any help, here's my number.
      万一你需要帮助的话，这是我的电话号码。
   3. Should anyone call (= if anyone calls) , please tell them I'm busy.
      如果有人打电话来，请告诉他我正忙着。
7. （在间接引语中用作shall的过去时）
   used as the past form of shall when reporting what sb has said
   1. He asked me what time he should come. (= His words were: ‘What time shall I come?’)
      他问我他应该什么时候来。
   2. I said (that) I should be glad to help.
      我说我乐意帮忙。
8. （用于that引导的、表示建议或安排的从句中）
   used after that when sth is suggested or arranged
   1. She recommended that I should take some time off.
      她建议我应该休息一段时间。
   2. In order that training should be effective it must be planned systematically.
      为使培训有成效，必须有系统的计划。
9. （用于许多表示感情的形容词后的that从句中）
   used after that after many adjectives that describe feelings
   1. I'm anxious that we should allow plenty of time.
      我殷切希望我们能留出充裕的时间。
   2. I find it astonishing that he should be so rude to you.
      他竟然对你这样无礼，真叫我吃惊。
10. （与I和we连用，表示客气地请求）
    used with I and we in polite requests
    1. I should like to call my lawyer.
       我希望给我的律师打个电话。
    2. We should be grateful for your help.
       对您的帮助我会非常感激。
11. （与I和we连用，表示没有把握）
    used with I and we to give opinions that you are not certain about
    1. I should imagine it will take about three hours.
       我想得用差不多三个小时吧。
    2. ‘Is this enough food for everyone?’ ‘ I should think so .’
       “这些食物够所有人吃吗？”“我觉得够了吧。”
    3. ‘Will it matter?’ ‘ I shouldn't think so .’
       “这有关系吗？”“不会吧。”
12. （表示十分赞同）
    used for expressing strong agreement
    1. ‘I know it's expensive but it will last for years.’ ‘ I should hope so too! ’
       “我知道价钱贵，但能用好多年。”“我也是这么想的！”
    2. ‘Nobody will oppose it.’ ‘ I should think not! ’
       “谁也不会反对的。”“我想也是！”
13. （表示拒绝、恼怒或惊奇）
    used to refuse sth or to show that you are annoyed at a request; used to express surprise about an event or a situation
    1. Why should I help him? He's never done anything for me.
       我干吗要帮他呢？他从来没为我做过什么。
    2. How should I know where you've left your bag?
       我怎么知道你把包丢在哪儿了？
    3. I got on the bus and who should be sitting in front of me but Tony!
       我上了公共汽车，没想到坐在我前面的竟然是托尼！
14. （表示假如对方看见或经历某事物，一定会感兴趣或吃惊）真该，真应当
    used to tell sb that sth would amuse or surprise them if they saw or experienced it
    1. You should have seen her face when she found out!
       你真该看看她发现事情真相时脸上的表情！

Should is a modal verb. It is used with the base form of a verb. should 为情态动词，与动词原形连用。


1. MODAL 应该;应当
   You use should when you are saying what would be the right thing to do or the right state for something to be in.
   1. I should exercise more...
      我应该多锻炼一些。
   2. The diet should be maintained unchanged for about a year...
      这样的饮食应保持约一年不变。
   3. He's never going to be able to forget it. And I don't think he should...
      他永远都无法将它遗忘，而且我认为他也不应该忘记。
   4. Sometimes I am not as brave as I should be...
      有时我表现得不够勇敢。
   5. Should our children be taught to swim at school?
      我们的孩子应该在学校学习游泳吗？
2. MODAL (表示给出指示或公布官方命令)应该，必须
   You use should to give someone an order to do something, or to report an official order.
   1. All visitors should register with the British Embassy...
      所有游客都必须到英国大使馆登记。
   2. The European Commission ruled that British Aerospace should pay back tens of millions of pounds.
      欧洲委员会裁定英国航空航天公司应该偿还数千万英镑。
3. MODAL (表示与说话者的意愿相反)本应
   If you say that something should have happened, you mean that it did not happen, but that you wish it had. If you say that something should not have happened, you mean that it did happen, but that you wish it had not.
   1. I should have gone this morning but I was feeling a bit ill...
      今天早晨我本应该走的，但是我觉得有点不舒服。
   2. I should have been in the shade like all the other tourists, then I wouldn't have got burned...
      我本应该像其他旅游者一样呆在阴凉处的，那么我就不会晒伤了。
   3. You should have done that yesterday you idiot!...
      你本该昨天把它做完的，你这个白痴！
   4. You should have written to the area manager again...
      你本应该再给地区经理写封信的。
   5. I shouldn't have said what I did.
      我本不该说出我做了什么的。
4. MODAL (表示预期或可能性)应该会，可能
   You use should when you are saying that something is probably the case or will probably happen in the way you are describing. If you say that something should have happened by a particular time, you mean that it will probably have happened by that time.
   1. You should have no problem with reading this language...
      阅读这种语言你应该没问题。
   2. The voters should by now be in no doubt what the parties stand for...
      选民们现在应该确切知道各党派的主张了。
   3. The doctor said it will take six weeks and I should be fine by then...
      医生说需要6周时间，到那时我就会好了。
   4. We should have finished by a quarter past two and the bus doesn't leave till half past.
      两点一刻时我们应该就完成了，而公共汽车要到两点半才开。
5. MODAL (用于疑问句中表示征求意见、同意或咨询情况)可以，应该
   You use should in questions when you are asking someone for advice, permission, or information.
   1. Should I or shouldn't I go to university?...
      我该不该去上大学呢？
   2. What should I do?...
      我应该怎么做？
   3. Please could you advise me what I should do?...
      能不能请您就我该做什么给点建议呢?
   4. Should I go back to the motel and wait for you to telephone?...
      我要回汽车旅馆等你电话吗？
   5. Should I fetch your slippers?...
      要我去给你拿拖鞋吗？
   6. Should we tell her about it?
      我们要把这事告诉她吗？
6. MODAL (通过假设自己处于对方立场会怎么做来提出建议)应该，可以，会
   You say 'I should', usually with the expression 'if I were you', when you are giving someone advice by telling them what you would do if you were in their position.
   1. I should look out if I were you!
      如果我是你，我会小心的。
   2. James, I should refuse that consultancy with Shapiro, if I were you...
      詹姆斯，如果我是你，我就会拒绝向夏皮罗咨询。
   3. I should go if I were you.
      如果我是你，我就会去。
7. MODAL (用在条件从句中表示事件发生的可能性)将要，假定要
   You use should in conditional clauses when you are talking about things that might happen.
   1. If you should be fired, your health and pension benefits will not be automatically cut off...
      如果你被解雇，你的医疗和养老保险金不会自动中断。
   2. Should you buy a home from Lovell, the company promises to buy it back at the same price after three years...
      如果你从洛弗尔公司买房子，该公司承诺3年后以同样的价格再购回。
   3. Should Havelock become the first Englishman to retain his world title, he will be the last to do so under the present system.
      如果哈夫洛克成为第一个保住世界冠军头衔的英国人，那么在现有体制下他也将会是最后一个做到这一点的英国人。
8. MODAL (用在由 that引导的从句中，放在某些动词、名词和形容词之后，表示将来的事件或情况)应该，能够，竟然会
   You use should in 'that' clauses after certain verbs, nouns, and adjectives when you are talking about a future event or situation.
   1. He raised his glass and indicated that I should do the same...
      他举起了杯子并且示意我也应该这样做。
   2. I insisted that we should have a look at every car...
      我坚持我们每辆车都应该看一下。
   3. My father was very keen that I should fulfill my potential...
      我父亲热切地希望我能够发挥出自身的潜力。
   4. George was sincerely anxious that his son should find happiness and security...
      乔治真诚地希望他儿子可以找到幸福和安全感。
   5. It seems such a pity that a distinguished and honored name should be commercialized in such a manner...
      一个杰出而受人尊敬的名人竟被这样商业化了，真让人感到遗憾。
   6. There is a wish among competitors that the Federation should change the test every four years.
      参赛者希望联合会每4年能对该项测试作出调整。
9. MODAL (与第一人称连用，表示没有把握)会，可能
   You use should in expressions such as I should think and I should imagine to indicate that you think something is true but you are not sure.
   1. I should think it's going to rain soon...
      我想可能马上要下雨了。
   2. 'I suppose that was the right thing to do.' — 'I should imagine so.'...
      “我认为那样做是对的。”——“我想是吧。”
   3. 'Can we be talking about the same thing?' — 'I should hope so.'
      “我们谈论的是同一件事情吗？”——“我希望是吧。”
10. MODAL (与第一人称连用表示客气的请求等)想要，将会
    You use should in expressions such as I should like and I should be happy to show politeness when you are saying what you want to do, or when you are requesting, offering, or accepting something.
    1. I should be happy if you would bring them this evening...
       如果今晚你将他们带来的话，我会很高兴。
    2. 'I should like to know anything you can tell me,' said Kendal...
       “只要是你能告诉我的，我都会洗耳恭听，”肯德尔说。
    3. I should like a word with the carpenter...
       我想和木匠谈一谈。
    4. I should like to ask you to come with us for a quiet supper...
       我想请你和我们共进一次安静的晚餐。
    5. That is very kind of you both. I should like to come...
       你们两位真是太客气了。我会来的。
    6. 'You can go and see her tomorrow afternoon if you feel like it.' — 'I should be delighted to do so.'...
       “如果你愿意，明天下午就可以去看她。”——“我很乐意去。”
    7. She thought, 'I should like her for a friend.'
       她想，“我希望和她成为朋友。”
11. MODAL (强调所经历的事有趣、令人震惊等)实在该，真该，真应当
    You use should in expressions such as You should have seen us and You should have heard him to emphasize how funny, shocking, or impressive something that you experienced was.
    1. You should have heard him last night!
       昨晚你真该听听他所说的。
    2. You should have seen him when he first came out — it was so sad...
       你真应该看看他第一次出现时的样子，真让人难过。
    3. He started crying and I cried too. You should have seen us...
       他哭了起来，我也哭了，你真该看看我俩的样子。
    4. You should have seen his roses! As good a show as in the Botanic Garden...
       你真该看看他种的玫瑰！就跟植物园里的一样绚丽迷人。
    5. You should have seen Boris's face when Hugh tapped him on the shoulder. Talk about surprise!
       你真该看看休拍了一下鲍里斯肩膀时，鲍里斯脸上的表情。那叫一个惊讶！
12. MODAL (用在由who，what等引导的疑问结构中，后接but，强调某件事令人惊讶或震惊)居然
    You use should in question structures which begin with words like 'who' and 'what' and are followed by 'but' to emphasize how surprising or shocking a particular event was.
    1. I'm making these plans and who should I meet but this blonde guy and John.
       我正在制订这些计划，没想到这时候居然遇上这个金发的家伙和约翰。

1. I should exercise more
   我应该多锻炼一些。
2. The diet should be maintained unchanged for about a year
   这样的饮食应保持约一年不变。
3. He's never going to be able to forget it. And I don't think he should
   他永远都无法将它遗忘，而且我认为他也不应该忘记。
4. Sometimes I am not as brave as I should be
   有时我表现得不够勇敢。
5. Should our children be taught to swim at school?
   我们的孩子应该在学校学习游泳吗？
6. All visitors should register with the British Embassy
   所有游客都必须到英国大使馆登记。
7. The European Commission ruled that British Aerospace should pay back tens of millions of pounds.
   欧洲委员会裁定英国航空航天公司应该偿还数千万英镑。
8. I should have gone this morning but I was feeling a bit ill
   今天早晨我本应该走的，但是我觉得有点不舒服。
9. I should have been in the shade like all the other tourists, then I wouldn't have got burned
   我本应该像其他旅游者一样呆在阴凉处的，那么我就不会晒伤了。
10. You should have done that yesterday you idiot!
    你本该昨天把它做完的，你这个白痴！
11. You should have written to the area manager again
    你本应该再给地区经理写封信的。
12. You should have no problem with reading this language
    阅读这种语言你应该没问题。
13. The voters should by now be in no doubt what the parties stand for
    选民们现在应该确切知道各党派的主张了。
14. The doctor said it will take six weeks and I should be fine by then
    医生说需要6周时间，到那时我就会好了。
15. We should have finished by a quarter past two and the bus doesn't leave till half past.
    两点一刻时我们应该就完成了，而公共汽车要到两点半才开。
16. Should I or shouldn't I go to university?
    我该不该去上大学呢？
17. Please could you advise me what I should do?
    能不能请您就我该做什么给点建议呢？
18. Should I go back to the motel and wait for you to telephone?
    我要回汽车旅馆等你电话吗？
19. Should I fetch your slippers?
    要我去给你拿拖鞋吗？
20. Should we tell her about it?
    我们要把这事告诉她吗？
21. I should look out if I were you!
    如果我是你，我会小心的。
22. James, I should refuse that consultancy with Shapiro, if I were you
    詹姆斯，如果我是你，我就会拒绝向夏皮罗咨询。
23. I should go if I were you.
    如果我是你，我就会去。
24. If you should be fired, your health and pension benefits will not be automatically cut off
    如果你被解雇，你的医疗和养老保险金不会自动中断。
25. Should you buy a home from Lovell, the company promises to buy it back at the same price after three years
    如果你从洛弗尔公司买房子，该公司承诺3年后以同样的价格再购回。
26. He raised his glass and indicated that I should do the same
    他举起了杯子并且示意我也应该这样做。
27. I should think it's going to rain soon
    我想可能马上要下雨了。
28. I should be happy if you would bring them this evening
    如果今晚你将他们带来的话，我会很高兴。
29. You should have heard him last night!
    昨晚你真该听听他所说的。
30. I'm making these plans and who should I meet but this blonde guy and John.
    我正在制订这些计划，没想到这时候居然遇上这个金发的家伙和约翰。

  ought should【导航词义：应该】

  ought modal v. 应该，应当

〔辨析〕无时态和人称变化，后接动词不定式，表示义务、责任、建议等，侧重反映客观情况。

  should modal v. 应该

〔辨析〕侧重自己的主观看法。在表示义务、责任时，语气比 ought 稍弱；在表示建议而非义务时，比 ought 更常用。