up

adv.

1. 向（或在）较高位置；向上；在上面
   towards or in a higher position
   1. He jumped up from his chair.
      他从椅子上跳起来。
   2. The sun was already up (= had risen) when they set off.
      他们出发时太阳已经升起了。
   3. They live up in the mountains.
      他们住在山区。
   4. It didn't take long to put the tent up.
      没用多长时间就搭完帐篷了。
   5. I pinned the notice up on the wall.
      我把通知钉在墙上了。
   6. Lay the cards face up (= facing upwards) on the table.
      把纸牌正面朝上摆在桌子上。
   7. You look nice with your hair up (= arranged on top of or at the back of your head) .
      你把头发向上梳很好看。
   8. Up you come! (= said when lifting a child)
      举高高喽！
2. 向（或在）较高水平；加大；增高
   to or at a higher level
   1. She turned the volume up.
      她把音量调大了。
   2. Prices are still going up (= rising) .
      物价还在上涨。
   3. United were 3–1 up at half-time.
      半场结束时，联队以3:1领先。
   4. The wind is getting up (= blowing more strongly) .
      风渐渐大起来了。
   5. Sales are well up on last year.
      销量比去年大幅增加。
3. 朝（某人或某物）的方向；向…的地方
   to the place where sb/sth is
   1. A car drove up and he got in.
      一辆汽车开过来，他就上了车。
   2. She went straight up to the door and knocked loudly.
      她径直走到门前大声敲门。
4. 到，朝，在（重要地方，尤指大城市）
   to or at an important place, especially a large city
   1. We're going up to New York for the day.
      我们要上纽约去一天。
   2. His son's up at Oxford (= Oxford University) .
      他儿子在上牛津大学。
5. 向（国家北部的地方）；向（北方）
   to a place in the north of a country
   1. They've moved up north .
      他们已搬到北部去了。
   2. We drove up to Inverness to see my father.
      我们开车北上因弗内斯去看我父亲。
6. 成碎片；分开
   into pieces or parts
   1. She tore the paper up.
      她把纸撕得粉碎。
   2. They've had the road up (= with the surface broken or removed) to lay some pipes.
      他们挖开了路面以便敷设管线。
   3. How shall we divide up the work?
      我们怎么分工呢？
7. 完全；彻底地
   completely
   1. We ate all the food up.
      我们把食物吃光了。
   2. The stream has dried up.
      小溪已经干涸了。
8. （以便）形成，聚拢
   so as to be formed or brought together
   1. The government agreed to set up a committee of inquiry.
      政府同意成立一个调查委员会。
   2. She gathered up her belongings.
      她收拾起她的私人物品。
9. （以便）完结，关闭
   so as to be finished or closed
   1. I have some paperwork to finish up.
      我有些文案工作要做完。
   2. Do your coat up; it's cold.
      把上衣扣上，天凉了。
10. 已结束；已过去
    finished; over
    1. Time's up. Stop writing and hand in your papers.
       时间到了。不要再写了，把试卷交上来。
11. 未上床；起床
    out of bed
    1. I stayed up late (= did not go to bed until late) last night.
       我昨晚熬夜了。
    2. He's up and about again after his illness.
       他病愈后又能起来活动了。
12. （尤指异常或不愉快的事情）发生，出现
    used to say that sth is happening, especially sth unusual or unpleasant
    1. I could tell something was up by the looks on their faces.
       从他们的脸色我就知道出事了。
    2. What's up? (= What is the matter?)
       怎么回事？
    3. What's up with him? He looks furious.
       他怎么了？他看上去怒气冲冲。
    4. Is anything up? You can tell me.
       出什么事了吗？跟我说吧。

prep.

1. 向，在（较高位置）
   to or in a higher position somewhere
   1. She climbed up the flight of steps.
      她爬上了那段台阶。
   2. The village is further up the valley.
      村庄在山谷的更深处。
2. 沿着；顺着
   along or further along a road or street
   1. We live just up the road, past the post office.
      我们就住在路的前面，刚过邮局的地方。
3. 向…上游；溯流而上
   towards the place where a river starts
   1. a cruise up the Rhine
      乘船沿莱茵河溯流而上

adj.

1. 向上的；往上移动的
   directed or moving upwards
   1. an up stroke
      上提笔画
   2. the up escalator
      上行自动扶梯
2. 高兴；快乐；激动
   cheerful; happy or excited
   1. The mood here is resolutely up.
      这里的气氛十分热闹。
3. 在运行
   working
   1. Our system should be up by this afternoon.
      到今天下午，我们的电脑系统应该运行起来了。

verb

1. 突然移动；突然做（意想不到的事）
   to suddenly move or do sth unexpected
   1. He upped and left without telling anyone.
      他突然起身不辞而别。
2. 提高…的价格（或数量）
   to increase the price or amount of sth
   1. The buyers upped their offer by £1 000.
      买方把出价增加了1 000英镑。

noun

noun

PREPOSITION, ADVERB, AND ADJECTIVE USES 介词、副词和形容词用法

Up is often used with verbs of movement such as ‘jump’ and ‘pull’, and also in phrasal verbs such as ‘give up’ and ‘wash up’.
常与 jump, pull等表示动作的动词连用，亦用于 give up，wash up等短语动词中。

The preposition is pronounced /ʌp/. The adverb and adjective are pronounced /ˌʌp/. 介词读作/ʌp/。副词和形容词在句中作次重读。


1. PREP 向上；朝上；往上
   If a person or thing goes up something such as a slope, ladder, or chimney, they move away from the ground or to a higher position.
   1. They were climbing up a narrow mountain road...
      他们正沿一条狭窄的山路向上爬。
   2. I ran up the stairs and saw Alison lying at the top...
      我跑上楼梯，见艾莉森躺在那里。
   3. The heat disappears straight up the chimney.
      热气从烟囱冒出后马上就消散掉了
   4. Up is also an adverb.
      
   5. Finally, after an hour, I went up to Jeremy's room...
      一个小时后，我终于去了杰里米的房间。
   6. Intense balls of flame rose up into the sky...
      炽热的火球冲上天空。
   7. He put his hand up.
      他举起手来。
2. PREP 近顶端；靠顶端
   If a person or thing is up something such as a ladder or a mountain, they are near the top of it.
   1. He was up a ladder sawing off the tops of his apple trees...
      他正站在梯子顶上锯他那颗苹果树的树冠。
   2. The Newton Hotel is halfway up a steep hill.
      丽东酒店位于陡峭的半山腰上。
   3. Up is also an adverb.
      
   4. ...a research station perched 4000 metres up on the lip of the crater.
      坐落在海拔4,000米的火山口附近的一个研究站
3. ADV （目光）朝上，向上
   You use up to indicate that you are looking or facing in a direction that is away from the ground or towards a higher level.
   1. Paul answered, without looking up...
      保罗头也没抬地答了话。
   2. Keep your head up, and look around you from time to time.
      要抬起头，不时看看四周。
4. ADV （站）起
   If someone stands up, they move so that they are standing.
   1. He stood up and went to the window...
      他起身走向窗户。
   2. He got up and went out into the foyer.
      他起身出去走进了大堂。
5. PREP 沿着；靠着
   If you go or look up something such as a road or river, you go or look along it. If you are up a road or river, you are somewhere along it.
   1. A line of tanks came up the road from the city...
      一排坦克由市里沿路开来。
   2. We leaned on the wooden rail of the bridge and looked up the river...
      我们靠在桥的木栏杆上，朝河望去。
   3. He had a relation who lived up the road.
      他有个亲戚住在这条马路上。
6. ADV 向(或在)某地;(尤指)向(或在)北方，向(或在)地势更高处;
   If you are travelling to a particular place, you can say that you are going up to that place, especially if you are going towards the north or to a higher level of land. If you are already in such a place, you can say that you are up there.
   1. I'll be up to see you tomorrow...
      我明天来看你。
   2. He was living up North...
      他当时住在北部。
   3. I live here now, but I've spent all my time up in Swaziland.
      我现在住在这里，但我几乎所有的时间都呆在斯威士兰。
7. ADV 往；朝
   If you go up to something or someone, you move to the place where they are and stop there.
   1. The girl ran the rest of the way across the street and up to the car...
      那个女孩开始跑起来，一路跑到街对面的汽车旁边。
   2. On the way out a boy of about ten came up on roller skates...
      出去时一个十来岁的男孩踩着溜冰鞋滑了过来。
   3. He brought me up to the bar and introduced me to Dave.
      他把我带到酒吧，介绍我给戴夫认识。
8. ADV 上涨；增多
   If an amount of something goes up, it increases. If an amount of something is up, it has increased and is at a higher level than it was.
   1. They recently put my rent up...
      他们最近提高了我的租金。
   2. Tourism is up, jobs are up, individual income is up...
      旅游火了，工作机会多了，个人收入涨了。
   3. Germany's rate has also risen sharply, up from 3 percent to 4.5 percent...
      德国的利率也在猛涨，由3％涨至4.5％。
   4. Over the decade, women in this category went up by 120%.
      过去10年，这类女性多了120％。
9. ADJ 起床的
   If you are up, you are not in bed.
   1. Are you sure you should be up?...
      你肯定你该起床了吗？
   2. These days all sorts of people were up at the crack of dawn...
      这些天所有人都一大早就起来。
   3. Soldiers are up at seven for three hours of exercises.
      士兵7点起来操练3个小时。
10. ADJ （时间）结束的，用完的，到点的
    If a period of time is up, it has come to an end.
    1. The moment the half-hour was up, Brooks rose...
       半个小时一到，布鲁克斯便起来了。
    2. When the six weeks were up, everybody was sad that she had to leave.
       6周过去了，大家都为她不得不离开而难过。
11. ADJ （道路）正在整修的
    You say that a road is up when it is being repaired and cannot be used.
    1. Half the road was up in Leadenhall Street, so their taxi was obliged to make a detour.
       半条利德霍尔街都在修路，他们的出租车只好绕道走。
12. （指棒球运动员）该上场击球的
    If a baseball player is up, it is their turn to bat.
13. （电脑）已启动的，正常运转的
    If a computer or computer system is up, it is working.
14. EXCLAM 去你的！去你妈的！
    People sometimes say 'Up yours!' as an insult when you have said something to annoy them or make them angry.
    1. 'Up yours,' said the reporter and stormed out into the street.
       “去你的，”记者边说边怒气冲冲地冲到大街上。
15. PHRASE 可以下床走动
    If someone who has been in bed for some time, for example because they have been ill, is up and about, they are now out of bed and living their normal life.
    1. How are you Lennox? Good to see you up and about.
       你怎么样，伦诺克斯？很高兴看到你能下床走动了。
16. PHRASE 不对劲；出问题
    If you say that something is up, you mean that something is wrong or that something worrying is happening.
    1. What is it then? Something's up, isn't it?...
       那是怎么回事呢？出问题了，是吗？
    2. Mr. Gordon stopped talking, and his friends knew something was up.
       戈登先生突然闭口不言，他的朋友们知道有哪儿不对劲了。
17. PHRASE 出什么事啦？出什么问题啦？出什么毛病啦？
    If you say to someone 'What's up?' or if you tell them what's up, you are asking them or telling them what is wrong or what is worrying them.
    1. 'What's up?', I said to him. — 'Nothing much,' he answered...
       “出什么事啦？”我对他说。——“没什么事，”他答道。
    2. Let's sit down and then you can say what's up.
       咱们先坐下来，然后你把事情告诉我。
18. PHRASE 上上下下；来来回回
    If you move up and down somewhere, you move there repeatedly in one direction and then in the opposite direction.
    1. He continued to jump up and down like a boy at a football match...
       他不停地上蹿下跳，活像个足球赛中的男孩。
    2. I strolled up and down thoughtfully before calling a taxi...
       我踱来踱去仔细思量后叫了一辆出租车。
    3. There's a lot of rushing up and down the gangways.
       舷梯上许多人上上下下。
19. PHRASE 兴衰；浮沉；起落；悲欢
    If you have ups and downs, you experience a mixture of good things and bad things.
    1. Every relationship has a lot of ups and downs...
       每一段感情都有许多起伏。
    2. The organisation has had its ups and downs.
       该机构经历过兴衰沉浮。
    3. ...the ups and downs of parenthood.
       为人父母的快乐与烦恼
20. PHRASE 欣欣向荣；兴旺；红火
    If something is on the up or on the up and up, it is becoming more successful.
    1. They're saying that the economy is on the up...
       他们称经济正在企稳向好。
    2. It was a great year for music, people had money, opportunities, hope—things were on the up and up.
       对音乐而言，那是一个大好年头，人们有钱，有机会，有希望——一派欣欣向荣的景象。
21. PHRASE 安分守己；诚实可靠
    If someone is on the up and up, they are honest and sincere.
    1. I'm a pretty good judge of men. If you're honest and on the up and up, I'll be able to tell it.
       我看人很准的。你要是诚实正派，我能看出来的。
22. up in arms → see: arm

USED IN COMBINATION AS A PREPOSITION 作为介词用于词组中

1. PREP-PHRASE 胜任；有能力
   If you feel up to doing something, you are well enough to do it.
   1. Those patients who were up to it could move to the adjacent pool...
      身体状况允许的病人可去隔壁的游泳池。
   2. He wasn't at all sure Sarah was up to that...
      他一点都拿不准萨拉能否胜任。
   3. His fellow-directors were not up to running the business without him.
      他的董事同僚没有他管理不好这家企业。
2. PREP-PHRASE 搞小动作;做手脚
   To be up to something means to be secretly doing something that you should not be doing.
   1. Why did you need a room unless you were up to something?...
      除非你要搞什么小动作，不然你为什么单要一间房？
   2. They must have known what their father was up to...
      他们一定已经知道了父亲要搞什么。
   3. Look at what they are getting up to.
      瞧他们要搞什么名堂。
3. PREP-PHRASE 由…负责
   If you say that it is up to someone to do something, you mean that it is their responsibility to do it.
   1. It was up to him to make it right, no matter how long it took...
      由他负责把事情摆平，不管花多长时间。
   2. I'm sure I'd have spotted him if it had been up to me...
      我相信要是换成我，我一定能找到他。
   3. The choice was up to Paula.
      由葆拉来选择。
4. PREP-PHRASE 直至；直到
   Up until or up to are used to indicate the latest time at which something can happen, or the end of the period of time that you are referring to.
   1. Please feel free to call me any time up until half past nine at night...
      晚上9点半之前任何时间你都可以给我打电话。
   2. Up to 1989, the growth of per capita income averaged 1 per cent per year.
      一直到1989年，人均收入每年平均增长1％。
5. PREP-PHRASE 高达；多达
   You use up to to say how large something can be or what level it has reached.
   1. Up to twenty thousand students paid between five and six thousand dollars...
      多达20,000名学生支付了5,000到6,000美元。
   2. It could be up to two years before the process is complete.
      这一过程可能要两年时间才能完成。
6. PHRASE 马马虎虎；不怎么样
   If you say that something is not up to much, you mean that it is of poor quality.
   1. My own souffles aren't up to much...
      我做的蛋奶酥拿不出手。
   2. This business isn't up to much.
      这企业不怎么样。
7. PREP-PHRASE 在被考虑之列
   If someone or something is up for election, review, or discussion, they are about to be considered.
   1. A third of the Senate and the entire House are up for re-election.
      参议院三分之一的席位和众议院所有席位都面临改选。
8. PREP-PHRASE 遭遇，面临（困难或问题）
   If you are up against something, you have a very difficult situation or problem to deal with.
   1. The chairwoman is up against the greatest challenge to her position...
      女主席正面临职位上的最大挑战。
   2. They were up against a good team but did very well.
      他们虽然遇到劲旅，但却表现出色。
9. up to your ears → see: ear

VERB USES 动词用法

1. VERB 提高；提升；增加
   If you up something such as the amount of money you are offering for something, you increase it.
   1. He upped his offer for the company...
      他提高了给该公司的报价。
   2. Chemist stores upped sales by 63 percent...
      药店销量增加了63％。
   3. We are talking about upping everybody's pay.
      我们在谈提高大伙工资的问题。
2. VERB （常指突然）离开，走开
   If you up and leave a place, you go away from it, often suddenly or unexpectedly.
   1. A man who for months had been dropping amorous hints about a long-term relationship upped and disappeared to America...
      几个月来不断暗示爱意、想发展长期恋爱关系的男人却突然远走美国。
   2. One day he just upped and left.
      有一天他突然就离开了。

1. They were climbing up a narrow mountain road
   他们正沿一条狭窄的山路向上爬。
2. I ran up the stairs and saw Alison lying at the top
   我跑上楼梯，见艾莉森躺在那里。
3. He was up a ladder sawing off the tops of his apple trees
   他正站在梯子顶上锯他那颗苹果树的树冠。
4. Paul answered, without looking up
   保罗头也没抬地答了话。
5. He stood up and went to the window
   他起身走向窗户。
6. A line of tanks came up the road from the city
   一排坦克由市里沿路开来。
7. I'll be up to see you tomorrow
   我明天来看你。
8. The girl ran the rest of the way across the street and up to the car
   那个女孩开始跑起来，一路跑到街对面的汽车旁边。
9. They recently put my rent up
   他们最近提高了我的租金。
10. Are you sure you should be up?
    你肯定你该起床了吗？
11. The moment the half-hour was up, Brooks rose
    半个小时一到，布鲁克斯便起来了。
12. Half the road was up in Leadenhall Street, so their taxi was obliged to make a detour.
    半条利德霍尔街都在修路，他们的出租车只好绕道走。
13. 'Up yours,' said the reporter and stormed out into the street.
    “去你的，”记者边说边怒气冲冲地冲到大街上。
14. How are you Lennox? Good to see you up and about.
    你怎么样，伦诺克斯？很高兴看到你能下床走动了。
15. What is it then? Something's up, isn't it?
    那是怎么回事呢？出问题了，是吗？
16. 'What's up?', I said to him. — 'Nothing much,' he answered
    “出什么事啦？”我对他说。——“没什么事，”他答道。
17. He continued to jump up and down like a boy at a football match
    他不停地上蹿下跳，活像个足球赛中的男孩。
18. Every relationship has a lot of ups and downs
    每一段感情都有许多起伏。
19. They're saying that the economy is on the up
    他们称经济正在企稳向好。
20. I'm a pretty good judge of men. If you're honest and on the up and up, I'll be able to tell it.
    我看人很准的。你要是诚实正派，我能看出来的。
21. Those patients who were up to it could move to the adjacent pool
    身体状况允许的病人可去隔壁的游泳池。
22. Why did you need a room unless you were up to something?
    除非你要搞什么小动作，不然你为什么单要一间房？
23. It was up to him to make it right, no matter how long it took
    由他负责把事情摆平，不管花多长时间。
24. Please feel free to call me any time up until half past nine at night
    晚上9点半之前任何时间你都可以给我打电话。
25. My own souffles aren't up to much
    我做的蛋奶酥拿不出手。
26. A third of the Senate and the entire House are up for re-election.
    参议院三分之一的席位和众议院所有席位都面临改选。
27. The chairwoman is up against the greatest challenge to her position
    女主席正面临职位上的最大挑战。
28. He upped his offer for the company
    他提高了给该公司的报价。
29. A man who for months had been dropping amorous hints about a long-term relationship upped and disappeared to America
    几个月来不断暗示爱意、想发展长期恋爱关系的男人却突然远走美国。

adv.

be up to sb

• 是…的职责（或责任）；由…决定
  to be sb's duty or responsibility; to be for sb to decide
  1. It's not up to you to tell me how to do my job.
     还轮不到你来告诉我怎么做我的事。
  2. Shall we eat out or stay in? It's up to you.
     咱们是到外面吃饭还是待在家里？你决定吧。

not be up to much

• 质量差；不很好
  to be of poor quality; to not be very good
  1. His work isn't up to much.
     他的活儿做得不怎么样。

up against sth

• 遇到问题；遭到反对
  facing problems or opposition
  1. Teachers are up against some major problems these days.
     老师们最近面临着一些重大问题。
  2. She's really up against it (= in a difficult situation) .
     她确实陷入了困境。

up and down

• 起伏；上下波动
  moving upwards and downwards
  1. The boat bobbed up and down on the water.
     小船在水面颠簸。
• 来回；往复
  in one direction and then in the opposite direction
  1. She was pacing up and down in front of her desk.
     她在办公桌前踱来踱去。
• 时好时坏
  sometimes good and sometimes bad
  1. My relationship with him was up and down.
     我跟他的关系忽冷忽热。

up and running

• 在运转；在使用中
  working; being used
  1. By that time the new system should be up and running.
     到那时这个新系统应该会运转起来了。

up before sb/sth

• 到…面前接受裁决；出庭受审
  appearing in front of sb in authority for a judgement to be made about sth that you have done
  1. He came up before the local magistrate for speeding.
     他因超速驾驶到当地法庭受审。

up for sth

• 提供作…
  on offer for sth
  1. The house is up for sale.
     这所房子正待出售。
• 正被考虑，被提名（作候选人等）
  being considered for sth, especially as a candidate
  1. Two candidates are up for election.
     有两位候选人被提名参选。
• 愿意参与（某活动）
  willing to take part in a particular activity
  1. We're going clubbing tonight. Are you up for it ?
     我们今晚去夜总会，你愿意来吗？

up to sth

• 到达（某数量、程度等）；至多有
  as far as a particular number, level, etc.
  1. I can take up to four people (= but no more than four) in my car.
     我的汽车最多能带四个人。
  2. The temperature went up to 35˚C.
     气温上升到了35摄氏度。
• 直到；不多于；不迟于
  not further or later than sth; until sth
  1. Read up to page 100.
     读到第100页。
  2. Up to now he's been very quiet.
     到目前为止，他一直很安静。
• 与…一样高（或好）
  as high or as good as sth
  1. Her latest book isn't up to her usual standard.
     她的新作没有达到她平常的水准。
• （体力或智力上）能胜任
  physically or mentally capable of sth
  1. He's not up to the job.
     他无法胜任这项工作。
  2. I don't feel up to going to work today.
     我觉得不舒服，今天不能去上班。
• 正在干，从事着（尤指坏事）；在捣鬼
  doing sth, especially sth bad
  1. What's she up to?
     她在捣什么鬼？
  2. What've you been up to?
     你一直在搞什么名堂？
  3. I'm sure he's up to no good (= doing sth bad) .
     我敢说他在打什么坏主意。

prep.

up and down sth

• 沿…来来回回
  in one direction and then in the opposite direction along sth
  1. I looked up and down the corridor.
     我来回扫视着走廊。

up yours!

• （愤怒地回应）去你的
  an offensive way of being rude to sb, for example because they have said sth that makes you angry

v.

up sticks

• 突然迁居
  to suddenly move from your house and go to live somewhere else

raise/up the ante

• 提高要求；增加金额
  to increase the level of sth, especially demands or sums of money

n.

on the up

• 在增长；在改善中
  increasing or improving
  1. Business confidence is on the up.
     商业信心有增强趋势。

on the up and up

• 蒸蒸日上；日益兴旺；越来越好
  becoming more and more successful
  1. The offer seems to be on the up and up.
     出价似乎越来越高。
• 蒸蒸日上；日益兴旺；越来越好
  becoming more and more successful
  1. The offer seems to be on the up and up.
     出价似乎越来越高。

ups and downs

• 浮沉；兴衰；荣辱
  the mixture of good and bad things in life or in a particular situation or relationship

verb

1. raise
   1. up the ante

adj

1. open
   1. the windows are up

2. getting higher or more vigorous
   1. its an up market
   2. an improving economy

   Synonym:    improving

3. being or moving higher in position or greater in some value
   1. the anchor is up
   2. the sun is up
   3. he lay face up
   4. he is up by a pawn
   5. the market is up
   6. the corn is up

adv

1. spatially or metaphorically from a lower to a higher position
   1. look up!
   2. the music surged up
   3. the fragments flew upwards
   4. prices soared upwards
   5. upwardly mobile

   Synonym:    upwardsupwardupwardly

2. to a later time
   1. they moved the meeting date up
   2. from childhood upward

   Synonym:    upwardsupward

3. to a more central or a more northerly place
   1. was transferred up to headquarters
   2. up to Canada for a vacation

4. nearer to the speaker
   1. he walked up and grabbed my lapels

5. to a higher intensity
   1. he turned up the volume