work

verb

做工；执行任务 do job/task

1. 做体力（或脑力）工作；劳动；干活
   to do sth that involves physical or mental effort, especially as part of a job
   1. I can't work if I'm cold.
      我要是觉得冷就干不了活。
   2. I've been working at my assignment all day.
      我整天都在做作业。
   3. He is working on a new novel.
      他正在写一部新小说。
   4. She's outside, working on the car.
      她在外面修理汽车。
   5. Doctors often work very long hours.
      医生经常长时间工作。
2. 受雇于；从事…工作
   to have a job
   1. Both my parents work.
      我父母都工作。
   2. She works for an engineering company.
      她在一家工程公司工作。
   3. I've always worked in education.
      我一直从事教育工作。
   4. Do you enjoy working with children?
      你喜欢做儿童工作吗？
   5. My son is working as a teacher.
      我的儿子是当老师的。

努力 make effort

3. 使工作；（尤指）使卖力干活
   to make yourself/sb work, especially very hard
   1. She works herself too hard.
      她工作起来太不辞劳苦了。
4. 争取；力争；努力取得
   to make efforts to achieve sth
   1. She dedicated her life to working for peace.
      她为争取和平奉献了自己的一生。
   2. The committee is working to get the prisoners freed.
      委员会正在设法营救那些被监禁的人出狱。

管理 manage

5. 管理，经营（以获利）
   to manage or operate sth to gain benefit from it
   1. to work the land (= grow crops on it, etc.)
      耕种土地
   2. He works a large area (= selling a company's goods, etc.) .
      他负责一个大地区的工作。
   3. She was a skilful speaker who knew how to work a crowd (= to excite them or make them feel sth strongly) .
      她是个很有技巧的演讲者，善于感召听众。

机器；装置 machine/device

6. 运转；运行
   to function; to operate
   1. The phone isn't working.
      这部电话坏了。
   2. It works by electricity.
      这是电动的。
   3. Are they any closer to understanding how the brain works?
      他们对大脑功能的了解有进展吗？
7. 开动，操作（机器、装置等）；使运作
   to make a machine, device, etc. operate
   1. Do you know how to work the coffee machine?
      你会使用咖啡机吗？
   2. The machine is worked by wind power.
      这台机器是以风力推动的。

有结果 / 作用 have result/effect

8. 奏效；产生预期的结果（或作用）
   to have the result or effect that you want
   1. The pills the doctor gave me aren't working.
      医生给我的药片不管事。
   2. My plan worked, and I got them to agree.
      我的计划奏效了，我让他们同意了。
   3. His charm doesn't work on me (= does not affect or impress me) .
      我不为他的魅力所动。
9. 产生…作用
   to have a particular effect
   1. Your age can work against you in this job.
      你的年纪会妨碍你干这个工作。
   2. Speaking Italian should work in his favour.
      会说意大利语应对他有好处。
10. 使奏效；（由于努力）造成，产生
    to cause or produce sth as a result of effort
    1. You can work miracles with very little money if you follow our home decoration tips.
       你要是按照我们的家居装饰诀窍行事，可以用很少的钱就产生奇妙的效果。

使用材料 use material

11. （通过压挤、拉长、锤击等）使成形，使定形
    to make a material into a particular shape or form by pressing, stretching, hitting it, etc.
    1. to work clay
       制陶
    2. to work gold
       打制金器
    3. to work the mixture into a paste
       把混合物调成糊状
12. 用某种材料作画（或编制、编织等）
    to use a particular material to produce a picture or other item
    1. an artist working in oils
       油画画家
    2. a craftsman working with wool
       毛织手工艺人

脸 / 身体部位 of part of face/body

13. 抽动；抽搐；颤动
    to move violently
    1. He stared at me in horror, his mouth working.
       他恐惧地盯着我，嘴在抽搐着。

逐渐移动 move gradually

14. （逐渐地）移动（到某位置）；（逐步）变成（某状态）
    to move or pass to a particular place or state, usually gradually
    1. It will take a while for the drug to work out of your system.
       这药得需要一段时间才能排出你的体外。
    2. He worked his way to the top of his profession.
       他一步一步努力，终于成为行业内的翘楚。
    3. I was tied up, but managed to work myself free.
       我被捆绑起来，但设法挣脱了绳索。
    4. The screw had worked loose .
       这螺丝钉松动了。

noun

工作；任务 job/task

1. 工作；职业
   the job that a person does especially in order to earn money
   1. She had been out of work (= without a job) for a year.
      她已经失业一年了。
   2. They are in work (= have a job) .
      他们有工作。
   3. He started work as a security guard.
      他开始工作时做保安员。
   4. It is difficult to find work in the present economic climate.
      在目前这种经济大气候下很难找到工作。
   5. I'm still looking for work.
      我仍在找工作。
   6. She's planning to return to work once the children start school.
      她正计划孩子一入学就恢复上班。
   7. What line of work are you in (= what type of work do you do) ?
      你干哪种工作？
   8. before/after work (= in the morning/evening each day)
      上班前；下班后
   9. full-time/part-time/unpaid/voluntary work
      全日制 / 兼职 / 无报酬的 / 志愿工作
2. 职责；工作内容
   the duties that you have and the activities that you do as part of your job
   1. Police work is mainly routine.
      警察的工作主要都是按常规的。
   2. The accountant described his work to the sales staff.
      会计师向销售部的职员介绍了自己的职责。
3. 工作；活计
   tasks that need to be done
   1. There is plenty of work to be done in the garden.
      花园里有很多活要干。
   2. Taking care of a baby is hard work .
      照看婴儿是件苦差。
   3. I have some work for you to do.
      我有些事要你做。
   4. Stop talking and get on with your work.
      别说话了，继续干你们的活儿吧。
4. 工作所需的材料（或档案等）
   materials needed or used for doing work , especially books, papers, etc.
   1. She often brings work (= for example, files and documents) home with her from the office.
      她经常把办公室里的工作带回家。
   2. His work was spread all over the floor.
      他工作的材料摊了一地。

工作地点 place of job

5. 工作地点；工作单位；工作场所
   the place where you do your job
   1. I go to work at 8 o'clock.
      我8点钟去上班。
   2. When do you leave for work ?
      你什么时候去上班？
   3. The new legislation concerns health and safety at work .
      这项新法规涉及工作场所的健康与安全。
   4. I have to leave work early today.
      我今天得早点儿下班。
   5. Her friends from work came to see her in the hospital.
      她工作单位的朋友来医院看望她。

努力 effort

6. 工作；劳动
   the use of physical strength or mental power in order to do or make sth
   1. She earned her grades through sheer hard work .
      她的学习成绩完全是靠刻苦用功得来的。
   2. We started work on the project in 2002.
      我们于2002年开始干这个项目。
   3. Work continues on renovating the hotel.
      修整这家旅馆的工作在继续。
   4. The work of building the bridge took six months.
      修建这座桥的工作用了六个月的时间。
   5. The art collection was his life's work .
      收集艺术品是他一生的工作。
   6. She set them to work painting the fence.
      她让他们粉刷围墙。

工作成果 product of work

7. 工作成果；产品；作品
   a thing or things that are produced as a result of work
   1. She's an artist whose work I really admire.
      她这位艺术家的作品令我赞赏不已。
   2. Is this all your own work (= did you do it without help from others) ?
      这件作品是你独立完成的吗？
   3. The book is a detailed and thorough piece of work covering all aspects of the subject.
      这本书包括了这一学科的方方面面，是一部缜密翔实的大作。

行动结果 result of action

8. 作为；行动结果
   the result of an action; what is done by sb
   1. The damage is clearly the work of vandals.
      这毁损显然是些恣意破坏公物的人所为。

书籍；音乐；艺术 book/music/art

9. 著作；作品
   a book, piece of music, painting, etc.
   1. the collected/complete works of Tolstoy
      托尔斯泰选集 / 全集
   2. works of fiction/literature
      小说 / 文学作品
   3. Beethoven's piano works
      贝多芬的钢琴曲

修造 building/repairing

10. 建；修；修建
    activities involving building or repairing sth
    1. roadworks
       道路施工
    2. They expanded the shipyards and started engineering works.
       他们扩建造船厂，开始了工程施工。

工厂 factory

11. 工厂
    a place where things are made or industrial processes take place
    1. an engineering works
       机器制造厂
    2. a brickworks
       砖厂

机器部件 parts of machine

12. （机器等的）活动部件
    the moving parts of a machine, etc.

所有的事物 everything

13. 所有的事物；全套物品
    everything
    1. We went to the chip shop and had the works: fish, chips, gherkins, mushy peas.
       我们去薯条店吃了套餐：炸鱼、炸薯条、小黄瓜、豆泥。

物理 physics

14. 功；做功
    the use of force to produce movement

1. VERB 工作;从业;就职
   People who work have a job, usually one which they are paid to do.
   1. Weiner works for the US Department of Transport...
      韦纳就职于美国交通部。
   2. I started working in a recording studio...
      我开始在一个录音棚工作。
   3. Where do you work?...
      你在哪儿工作？
   4. He worked as a bricklayer's mate...
      他给瓦工打下手。
   5. I want to work, I don't want to be on welfare.
      我想去工作，不想吃救济。
2. N-UNCOUNT 工作;职业
   People who have work or who are in work have a job, usually one which they are paid to do.
   1. Fewer and fewer people are in work...
      就业人数越来越少。
   2. I was out of work at the time...
      那时我失业了。
   3. She'd have enough money to provide for her children until she could find work...
      她在找到工作前应该有足够的钱供养孩子。
   4. What kind of work do you do?
      你是做什么工作的？
3. VERB 工作;劳动;干活
   When you work, you do the things that you are paid or required to do in your job.
   1. I can't talk to you right now—I'm working...
      这会儿我不能跟你说话——我在干活儿。
   2. He was working at his desk...
      他正在桌前用功。
   3. Some firms expect the guards to work twelve hours a day.
      有些公司要求保安每天工作12小时。

The verb work has a different meaning in the continuous tenses than it does in the simple tenses. You use the continuous tenses, with the '-ing' form, to talk about a temporary job, but the simple tenses to talk about a permanent job. For example, if you say 'I'm working in London', this suggests that the situation is temporary and you may soon move to a different place. If you say 'I work in London', this suggests that London is your permanent place of work.
动词 work 用于进行时和一般时时意义不同。用于进行时表示工作是临时性的，例如，I'm working in London (我目前在伦敦工作)暗示这种情形是暂时的，可能很快就会迁移到另一个地方。用于一般时则表示工作是固定的，例如，I work in London (我在伦敦工作)，暗示伦敦是固定的工作地点。

4. N-UNCOUNT 工作;活儿;活计
   Your work consists of the things you are paid or required to do in your job.
   1. We're supposed to be running a business here. I've got work to do...
      我们在这里应该是要经营公司。我有一堆的事情要做。
   2. I used to take work home, but I don't do it any more...
      我过去常把活儿带回家干，不过我如今再也不这么做了。
   3. There have been days when I have finished work at 2pm.
      有一段时间我凌晨两点才干完活儿。
   4. ...an image of teaching which highlighted the stressful and difficult aspects of the teacher's work.
      突出显示了教师工作的压力和困难的教学场景
5. VERB 努力干;用功
   When you work, you spend time and effort doing a task that needs to be done or trying to achieve something.
   1. Linda spends all her time working on the garden...
      琳达把所有时间都花在打理花园上。
   2. While I was working on my letter the telephone rang...
      我正在写信，电话铃响了。
   3. Leonard was working at his German. His mistakes made her laugh...
      伦纳德正在学习德语，他出的洋相让她哈哈大笑。
   4. The most important reason for coming to university is to work for a degree...
      上大学最重要的原因就是要拿个学位。
   5. The government expressed hope that all the sides will work towards a political solution.
      政府表示希望各方共同努力，制订出政治解决方案。
   6. Work is also a noun.
      
   7. There was a lot of work to do on their house...
      他们的房子有很多地方需要收拾。
   8. We hadn't appreciated how much work was involved in organizing a wedding...
      我们没有意识到筹备婚礼有多少事情要做。
   9. He said that the peace plan would be rejected because it needed more work.
      他说和平计划会被否决，因为还需要进一步修改。
6. N-UNCOUNT 工作单位;工作地点
   Work is the place where you do your job.
   1. Many people travel to work by car...
      很多人开车去上班。
   2. She told her friends at work that she was trying to lose weight.
      她跟单位的朋友说她在努力减肥。
7. N-UNCOUNT 工作成果
   Work is something which you produce as a result of an activity or as a result of doing your job.
   1. It can help to have an impartial third party look over your work...
      让客观公正的第三方看一下你的成果会有助益。
   2. Tidiness in the workshop is really essential for producing good work...
      工作间干净整洁对于生产出好的产品非常重要。
   3. That's a beautiful piece of work. You should be proud of it.
      那件作品非常漂亮，你应当为之自豪。
8. N-COUNT (艺术家、作家、作曲家等的)作品；著作
   A work is something such as a painting, book, or piece of music produced by an artist, writer, or composer.
   1. In my opinion, this is Rembrandt's greatest work...
      我认为这是伦勃朗最伟大的作品。
   2. Under his arm, there was a book which looked like the complete works of Shakespeare...
      他胳膊底下夹着一本书，看上去就像是夹了《莎士比亚全集》。
   3. The church has several valuable works of art.
      教堂有几件珍贵的艺术品。
9. VERB 研究；对…作调查
   If someone is working on a particular subject or question, they are studying or researching it.
   1. Professor Bonnet has been working for many years on molecules of this type.
      邦尼特教授多年来一直在从事这种分子的研究工作。
   2. Work is also a noun.
      
   3. Their work shows that one-year-olds are much more likely to have allergies if either parent smokes.
      他们的研究表明，如果父母中有一人吸烟，一岁婴儿患过敏的可能性就会大大增加。
10. VERB 协助;帮助
    If you work with a person or a group of people, you spend time and effort trying to help them in some way.
    1. She spent a period of time working with people dying of cancer...
       她有一段时间曾帮助垂危的癌症患者。
    2. He knew then that he wanted to work among the poor.
       他那时明白了自己想帮助穷人。
    3. Work is also a noun.
       
    4. ...a highly respected priest who is noted for his work with the poor...
       以救助穷人闻名的备受尊敬的教士
    5. She became involved in social and relief work among the refugees.
       她参加了帮助难民的社会救济工作。
11. VERB (机器或设备)运转，运行
    If a machine or piece of equipment works, it operates and performs a particular function.
    1. The pump doesn't work and we have no running water...
       水泵坏了，我们没有自来水了。
    2. Is the telephone working today?...
       电话今天能用吗？
    3. Ned turned on the lanterns, which worked with batteries...
       内德打开开关亮起了装电池的灯笼。
    4. How does the gun work?
       这枪怎么用?
12. VERB 奏效;成功
    If an idea, system, or way of doing something works, it is successful, effective, or satisfactory.
    1. 95 per cent of these diets do not work...
       这些节食方法95%都不起作用。
    2. If lust is all there is to hold you together, the relationship will never work...
       如果肉欲是你们在一起的唯一理由，这种关系是不会持久的。
    3. I shouldn't have come, I knew it wouldn't work...
       我不应该来，我知道这起不了什么作用。
    4. A methodical approach works best.
       有条不紊的方法效果最佳。
13. VERB (药物)起作用，产生疗效
    If a drug or medicine works, it produces a particular physical effect.
    1. I wake at 6 am as the sleeping pill doesn't work for more than nine hours...
       安眠药的药效不会超过9个小时，所以我清晨6点就醒了。
    2. The drug works by increasing levels of serotonin in the brain.
       这种药物通过提高大脑中血清素的含量来产生疗效。
14. VERB 产生(有利或不利的)影响
    If something works in your favour, it helps you in some way. If something works to your disadvantage, it causes problems for you in some way.
    1. One factor thought to have worked in his favour is his working class image...
       据认为，一个帮上了他的因素就是他的工人阶级形象。
    2. This obviously works against the interests of the child.
       这显然会对孩子不利。
15. VERB 对…产生(神奇的影响);使…深受（魅力感染）
    If something or someone works their magic or works their charms on a person, they have a powerful positive effect on them.
    1. Nevertheless, she is always optimistic about the possibilities and can work her charm on the disenchanted...
       虽然如此，她总是乐观地抱持希望，并能深深地感染那些心灰意冷的人。
    2. Our spirits rallied as the bitter-sweet alcohol worked its magic.
       苦中带甜的酒发挥了奇效，我们的精神随之振奋起来。
16. VERB (脑筋)转动，开动
    If your mind or brain is working, you are thinking about something or trying to solve a problem.
    1. My mind was working frantically, running over the events of the evening.
       我的大脑疯狂地运转，把那晚发生的事情飞快地一幕幕重演。
17. VERB 以(某种假定或思想)为基础(或前提)
    If you work on an assumption or idea, you act as if it were true or base other ideas on it, until you have more information.
    1. We are working on the assumption that it was a gas explosion.
       我们假设这是一场燃气爆炸事故。
18. VERB 在(某地或某类场所)工作;在…奔波
    If you work a particular area or type of place, you travel around that area or work in those places as part of your job, for example trying to sell something there.
    1. Brand has been working the clubs and the pubs since 1986, developing her comedy act...
       布兰德自1986年以来一直在俱乐部和酒吧表演，提高她的喜剧演技。
    2. This is the seventh year that he has worked the streets of Manhattan.
       这是他在曼哈顿街头献艺的第7个年头。
19. VERB 让…干活；让…工作
    If you work someone, you make them spend time and effort doing a particular activity or job.
    1. They're working me too hard. I'm too old for this...
       他们把我用得太狠了，我老了，干不了这种活儿啦。
    2. They didn't take my father away, but kept him in the village and worked him to death.
       他们没有把我爸爸带走，而是一直让他在村里干活，把他活活累死了。
20. VERB (常指政客或艺人)博得，赢得(众人的支持或欢心)
    If someone, often a politician or entertainer, works a crowd, they create a good relationship with the people in the crowd and get their support or interest.
    1. The Prime Minister has an ability to work a crowd — some might even suggest it is a kind of charm...
       首相有种感召人群的本事——有些人甚至认为这是一种魅力。
    2. He worked the room like a politician, gripping hands, and slapping backs.
       他又是握手，又是拍背，像个政客一样把一屋子的人都笼络了一番。
21. VERB 种，耕种(地)
    When people work the land, they do all the tasks involved in growing crops.
    1. Farmers worked the fertile valleys.
       农民们在肥沃的山谷里耕种。
22. VERB 开采(矿)
    When a mine is worked, minerals such as coal or gold are removed from it.
    1. The mines had first been worked in 1849, when gold was discovered in California...
       1849年加利福尼亚发现金矿时，这些矿第一次被开采。
    2. Only an agreed number of men was allowed to work any given seam at any given time.
       只有少数得到批准的人可以在特定时间开采特定的矿层。
23. VERB 使用，操纵(机器或设备)
    If you work a machine or piece of equipment, you use or control it.
    1. Many adults still depend on their children to work the video.
       很多成年人仍然要靠孩子来操作录像机。
24. VERB 慢慢变成;逐渐变得
    If something works into a particular state or condition, it gradually moves so that it is in that state or condition.
    1. A screw had worked loose from my glasses.
       我眼镜上有一个螺丝松了。
25. VERB 按，压，揉(面团、黏土等)
    If you work a substance such as dough or clay, you keep pressing it to make it have a particular texture.
    1. Work the dough with the palm of your hand until it is very smooth...
       用手掌将面团揉至光滑为止。
    2. Remove rind from the cheese and work it to a firm paste, with a fork.
       将奶酪的外皮去掉，用叉子将其压成硬硬的膏状。
26. VERB 加工;处理
    If you work a material such as metal, leather, or stone, you cut, sew, or shape it in order to make something or to create a design.
    1. ...the machines needed to extract and work the raw stone.
       开采加工原石的机器
    2. ...a long, cool tunnel of worked stone.
       一条跨度长且阴凉的石凿隧道
27. VERB 使用，采用(某种材料或物质)
    If you work with a particular substance or material, you use it in order to make something or to create a design.
    1. He studied sculpture because he enjoyed working with clay.
       他学习雕塑是因为他喜欢玩黏土。
28. V-ERG (使)(身体某部分)活动
    If you work a part of your body, or if it works, you move it.
    1. Each position will work the muscles in a different way...
       每种姿势都会以不同方式活动肌肉。
    2. Her mouth was working in her sleep.
       她睡着的时候嘴巴还在动。
29. N-COUNT-COLL 工厂
    A works is a place where something is manufactured or where an industrial process is carried out. Works is used to refer to one or to more than one of these places.
    1. The steel works could be seen for miles.
       这个钢厂几英里外都能看见。
    2. ...a recycling works.
       回收工厂
    3. ...the works canteen.
       工厂餐厅
30. N-PLURAL 土木工程;建筑工程
    Works are activities such as digging the ground or building on a large scale.
    1. ...six years of disruptive building works, road construction and urban development.
       6年间进行的破坏性的建筑工程、道路修筑和城市扩建
31. N-SING (某种类型的)全部物件，全套物品
    You can say the works after listing things such as someone's possessions or requirements, to emphasize that they possess or require everything you can think of in a particular category.
    1. Amazing place he's got there—squash courts, swimming pool, jacuzzi, the works.
       他的那个地方真是太棒了——壁球场、游泳池、按摩浴池，一应俱全。
32. See also: working
33. PHRASE 干活儿;做工作;忙着做事
    If someone is at work they are doing their job or are busy doing a particular activity.
    1. The salvage teams are already hard at work trying to deal with the spilled oil...
       救援队已经在紧张地设法处理溢出的石油。
    2. He is currently at work on a novel...
       他这会儿正忙着写一篇小说。
    3. Television cameras were invited in to film him at work.
       电视台摄像师被请进来拍摄他工作的镜头。
34. PHRASE 起作用;发挥效用
    If a force or process is at work, it is having a particular influence or effect.
    1. The report suggested that the same trend was at work in politics...
       这份报告表明，同一趋势也在影响着政治。
    2. It is important to understand the powerful economic and social forces at work behind our own actions.
       重要的是，要理解在我们自身行动背后起作用的强大的经济和社会力量。
35. PHRASE (做…)有很大困难，困难重重
    If you say that you will have your work cut out to do something, you mean that it will be a very difficult task.
    1. The new administration has its work cut out for it. Creating jobs in this kind of environment is not going to be easy...
       新一届政府面临重重困难。在这种环境下创造就业机会绝非易事。
    2. He will have his work cut out to get into the team.
       他要进入该队困难重重。
36. PHRASE 已列入计划;已开始
    If something is in the works, it has already been planned or begun.
    1. He said there were dozens of economic plans in the works...
       他说有几十项经济计划已经开始实施。
    2. Nobody should be surprised by this. It's been in the works for some time.
       不应该有人对此感到惊奇，这事已经张罗了有一阵子了。

in BRIT, usually use 英国英语通常用 in the pipeline


37. PHRASE （费力或轻而易举地）做，完成
    You can use work to talk about how easily or quickly a particular task is done. For example, if a person or thing makes short work of doing something or makes light work of it, they do it quickly and easily.
    1. An aerosol spray will make short work of painting awkward objects...
       用喷罐来喷涂，不好对付的物品也能轻松搞定。
    2. This horse made light work of the cross-country course...
       这匹马轻松地跑完了越野赛程。
    3. Australia made hard work of beating them.
       澳大利亚队非常艰难地击败了他们。
38. PHRASE 讨厌鬼;恶棍
    If you describe someone as a nasty piece of work, you think they are very unpleasant or cruel.
    1. Underneath I think he's actually a rather nasty piece of work.
       内心里我觉得他是个非常讨厌的家伙。
39. PHRASE 让…工作;派给…任务
    If you put someone to work or set them to work, you give them a job or task to do.
    1. By stimulating the economy, we're going to put people to work...
       我们将通过刺激经济让人们实现就业。
    2. Instead of sending them to prison, we have set them to work helping the lemon growers.
       我们没有把他们送进监狱，而是让他们帮种柠檬的果农干活儿。
40. PHRASE 开始做;着手处理
    If you get to work ,go to work, or set to work on a job, task, or problem, you start doing it or dealing with it.
    1. He promised to get to work on the state's massive deficit...
       他承诺着手解决国家庞大的财政赤字问题。
    2. He returned to America where he set to work on a new novel.
       他返回美国，开始写一部新小说。
41. PHRASE 艰难地移动；缓慢地取得进展
    If you work your way somewhere, you move or progress there slowly, and with a lot of effort or work.
    1. Rescuers were still working their way towards the trapped men...
       营救人员仍在艰难地向被困者靠拢。
    2. Many personnel managers started as secretaries or personnel assistants and worked their way up.
       很多人事经理最初是从秘书或人事助理做起，然后慢慢升上去的。
42. CONVENTION 干得不错;干得漂亮
    You can say to someone 'nice work' or 'good work' in order to thank or praise them for doing something well or quickly.
    1. Nice work, Matthew. I knew you could do it.
       干得好，马修。我知道你能行。
43. to throw a spanner in the works → see: spanner

1. Weiner works for the US Department of Transport
   韦纳就职于美国交通部。
2. Fewer and fewer people are in work
   就业人数越来越少。
3. I can't talk to you right now — I'm working
   这会儿我不能跟你说话——我在干活儿。
4. We're supposed to be running a business here. I've got work to do
   我们在这里应该是要经营公司。我有一堆的事情要做。
5. Linda spends all her time working on the garden
   琳达把所有时间都花在打理花园上。
6. Many people travel to work by car
   很多人开车去上班。
7. It can help to have an impartial third party look over your work
   让客观公正的第三方看一下你的成果会有助益。
8. In my opinion, this is Rembrandt's greatest work
   我认为这是伦勃朗最伟大的作品。
9. Professor Bonnet has been working for many years on molecules of this type.
   邦尼特教授多年来一直在从事这种分子的研究工作。
10. She spent a period of time working with people dying of cancer
    她有一段时间曾帮助垂危的癌症患者。
11. The pump doesn't work and we have no running water
    水泵坏了，我们没有自来水了。
12. I wake at 6 am as the sleeping pill doesn't work for more than nine hours
    安眠药的药效不会超过9个小时，所以我清晨6点就醒了。
13. One factor thought to have worked in his favour is his working class image
    据认为，一个帮上了他的因素就是他的工人阶级形象。
14. Nevertheless, she is always optimistic about the possibilities and can work her charm on the disenchanted
    虽然如此，她总是乐观地抱持希望，并能深深地感染那些心灰意冷的人。
15. My mind was working frantically, running over the events of the evening.
    我的大脑疯狂地运转，把那晚发生的事情飞快地一幕幕重演。
16. We are working on the assumption that it was a gas explosion.
    我们假设这是一场燃气爆炸事故。
17. Brand has been working the clubs and the pubs since 1986, developing her comedy act
    布兰德自1986年以来一直在俱乐部和酒吧表演，提高她的喜剧演技。
18. They're working me too hard. I'm too old for this
    他们把我用得太狠了，我老了，干不了这种活儿啦。
19. The Prime Minister has an ability to work a crowd — some might even suggest it is a kind of charm
    首相有种感召人群的本事——有些人甚至认为这是一种魅力。
20. Farmers worked the fertile valleys.
    农民们在肥沃的山谷里耕种。
21. The mines had first been worked in 1849, when gold was discovered in California
    1849年加利福尼亚发现金矿时，这些矿第一次被开采。
22. Many adults still depend on their children to work the video.
    很多成年人仍然要靠孩子来操作录像机。
23. A screw had worked loose from my glasses.
    我眼镜上有一个螺丝松了。
24. Work the dough with the palm of your hand until it is very smooth
    用手掌将面团揉至光滑为止。
25. He studied sculpture because he enjoyed working with clay.
    他学习雕塑是因为他喜欢玩黏土。
26. Each position will work the muscles in a different way
    每种姿势都会以不同方式活动肌肉。
27. The steel works could be seen for miles.
    这个钢厂几英里外都能看见。
28. The salvage teams are already hard at work trying to deal with the spilled oil
    救援队已经在紧张地设法处理溢出的石油。
29. The report suggested that the same trend was at work in politics
    这份报告表明，同一趋势也在影响着政治。

  work job labour toil【导航词义：工作，劳动】

  work n. 工作，劳动

〔辨析〕最普通用词，含义广泛，既可指体力劳动也可指脑力劳动，通常都以挣钱为目的，有时也指机器干的工作。

  job n. 工作，活儿

〔辨析〕多用于口语，侧重指受雇用的、以谋生为目的的工作。

  labour n. 劳动，工作

〔辨析〕尤指艰苦的体力劳动。

  toil n. 〈正式〉苦工，辛苦

〔辨析〕指十分累人的苦活。

  operate function go run work【导航词义：运行，运转】

  operate v. 操作；运转

〔辨析〕指人操控机器或设备，也指机器等运行。

  function v. 正常运转，起作用

〔辨析〕指系统、机器设备、机构、人等正常工作。

  go v. 运行，运转

〔辨析〕指机器、装置等工作，多用于口语。

  run v. （使）运转，（使）运行

〔辨析〕指机器、引擎等工作或使其开动，也指计算机程序运行或使其运行。

  work v. 运转；操作

〔辨析〕普通用词，指机器或设备正常工作，也可指使用机器或设备。

work around/round to sth/sb

1. 渐渐转变（话题、主题等）
   to gradually turn a conversation towards a particular topic, subject, etc.

work at sth

1. 致力于；努力做
   to make great efforts to achieve sth or do sth well
   1. Both my parents work.
      我父母都工作。
   2. She works for an engineering company.
      她在一家工程公司工作。
   3. I've always worked in education.
      我一直从事教育工作。
   4. Do you enjoy working with children?
      你喜欢做儿童工作吗？
   5. My son is working as a teacher.
      我的儿子是当老师的。

work sth in

work sth into sth

1. 尽量包括；设法把…加进
   to try to include sth
   1. She dedicated her life to working for peace.
      她为争取和平奉献了自己的一生。
   2. The committee is working to get the prisoners freed.
      委员会正在设法营救那些被监禁的人出狱。
2. 掺入；将…搅拌进
   to add one substance to another and mix them together

work sth↔off

1. （通过消耗体力）宣泄感情
   to get rid of sth, especially a strong feeling, by using physical effort
2. 工作以偿债
   to earn money in order to be able to pay a debt
   1. The phone isn't working.
      这部电话坏了。
   2. It works by electricity.
      这是电动的。
   3. Are they any closer to understanding how the brain works?
      他们对大脑功能的了解有进展吗？

work on sb

1. 努力说服（使某人答应或做某事）
   to try to persuade sb to agree to sth or to do sth

work on sth

1. 努力改善（或完成）
   to try hard to improve or achieve sth
   1. Your age can work against you in this job.
      你的年纪会妨碍你干这个工作。
   2. Speaking Italian should work in his favour.
      会说意大利语应对他有好处。

work out

1. 锻炼身体；做运动
   to train the body by physical exercise
2. 成功地发展
   to develop in a successful way
   1. to work clay
      制陶
   2. to work gold
      打制金器
   3. to work the mixture into a paste
      把混合物调成糊状

work out (at sth)

1. 计算；计算出
   if sth works out at sth, you calculate that it will be a particular amount

work sb↔out

1. 了解，理解（某人的性格）
   to understand sb's character

work sth↔out

1. 计算；算出
   to calculate sth
2. 找到…的答案；解决
   to find the answer to sth
3. 计划；思考
   to plan or think of sth
   1. She had been out of work (= without a job) for a year.
      她已经失业一年了。
   2. They are in work (= have a job) .
      他们有工作。
   3. He started work as a security guard.
      他开始工作时做保安员。
   4. It is difficult to find work in the present economic climate.
      在目前这种经济大气候下很难找到工作。
   5. I'm still looking for work.
      我仍在找工作。
   6. She's planning to return to work once the children start school.
      她正计划孩子一入学就恢复上班。
   7. What line of work are you in (= what type of work do you do) ?
      你干哪种工作？
   8. before/after work (= in the morning/evening each day)
      上班前；下班后
   9. full-time/part-time/unpaid/voluntary work
      全日制 / 兼职 / 无报酬的 / 志愿工作
4. 挖尽，开采光（煤、矿产等）
   to remove all the coal, minerals, etc. from a mine over a period of time
   1. Police work is mainly routine.
      警察的工作主要都是按常规的。
   2. The accountant described his work to the sales staff.
      会计师向销售部的职员介绍了自己的职责。

work sb↔over

1. 拷问；逼供
   to attack sb and hit them, for example to make them give you information
   1. She often brings work (= for example, files and documents) home with her from the office.
      她经常把办公室里的工作带回家。
   2. His work was spread all over the floor.
      他工作的材料摊了一地。

work to sth

1. 按照（计划、时间表等）；根据…行事
   to follow a plan, schedule, etc.
   1. I go to work at 8 o'clock.
      我8点钟去上班。
   2. When do you leave for work ?
      你什么时候去上班？
   3. The new legislation concerns health and safety at work .
      这项新法规涉及工作场所的健康与安全。
   4. I have to leave work early today.
      我今天得早点儿下班。
   5. Her friends from work came to see her in the hospital.
      她工作单位的朋友来医院看望她。

work towards sth

1. 努力达到，设法完成（目标）
   to try to reach or achieve a goal
   1. She earned her grades through sheer hard work .
      她的学习成绩完全是靠刻苦用功得来的。
   2. We started work on the project in 2002.
      我们于2002年开始干这个项目。
   3. Work continues on renovating the hotel.
      修整这家旅馆的工作在继续。
   4. The work of building the bridge took six months.
      修建这座桥的工作用了六个月的时间。
   5. The art collection was his life's work .
      收集艺术品是他一生的工作。
   6. She set them to work painting the fence.
      她让他们粉刷围墙。

work sth↔up

1. 逐步发展；努力改进
   to develop or improve sth with some effort
   1. She's an artist whose work I really admire.
      她这位艺术家的作品令我赞赏不已。
   2. Is this all your own work (= did you do it without help from others) ?
      这件作品是你独立完成的吗？
   3. The book is a detailed and thorough piece of work covering all aspects of the subject.
      这本书包括了这一学科的方方面面，是一部缜密翔实的大作。

work sb/yourself up (into sth)

1. 使激动；使发怒
   to make sb/yourself reach a state of great excitement, anger, etc.
   1. The damage is clearly the work of vandals.
      这毁损显然是些恣意破坏公物的人所为。

work sth up into sth

1. 使完整；使完好；修整
   to bring sth to a more complete or more acceptable state
   1. the collected/complete works of Tolstoy
      托尔斯泰选集 / 全集
   2. works of fiction/literature
      小说 / 文学作品
   3. Beethoven's piano works
      贝多芬的钢琴曲

work up to sth

1. 逐步发展到，逐渐达到（更高或更深的程度）
   to develop or move gradually towards sth, usually sth more exciting or extreme
   1. roadworks
      道路施工
   2. They expanded the shipyards and started engineering works.
      他们扩建造船厂，开始了工程施工。

v.

work it/things

• （尤指巧妙地）办成，办妥
  to arrange sth in a particular way, especially by being clever
  1. Can you work it so that we get free tickets?
     你能不能为我们搞到些免费票？

n.

all work and no play (makes Jack a dull boy)

• 只工作不玩耍，聪明的孩子也变傻
  it is not healthy to spend all your time working; you need to relax too

at work

• 起作用
  having an effect on sth
  1. She suspected that secret influences were at work.
     她怀疑有些秘密势力在作祟。
• 忙着（做某事）
  busy doing sth
  1. He is still at work on the painting.
     他仍在忙着画那幅画。
  2. Danger─men at work.
     危险——有人施工。

get (down) to/set to work

• 开始，着手（工作）
  to begin; to make a start
  1. We set to work on the outside of the house (= for example, painting it) .
     我们从屋子的外部开始干了起来。

give sb the works

• 给（或告诉）…一切
  to give or tell sb everything

good works

• 善行；善举
  kind acts to help others

go/set about your work

• 做（或着手做）自己的工作
  to do/start to do your work
  1. She went cheerfully about her work.
     她高高兴兴地做自己的工作。

have your work cut out

• （做某事）可能有困难
  to be likely to have difficulty doing sth
  1. You'll have your work cut out to get there by nine o'clock.
     你九点钟前赶到那里可不容易。

in the works

• 在讨论（或计划、筹备等）中；在酝酿中
  something that is in the works is being discussed, planned or prepared and will happen or exist soon

the work of a moment, second, etc.

• 即刻做完的事
  a thing that takes a very short time to do

all in a day's work

• 日常工作的一部分；习以为常；不足为奇
  part of your normal working life and not unusual

the devil makes work for idle hands

• 人闲生是非
  people who do not have enough to do often start to do wrong
  1. She blamed the crimes on the local jobless teenagers. ‘The devil makes work for idle hands,’ she would say.
     她认为那些违法行为是当地的无业青少年所为，总是说：“人一闲，惹麻烦”。

(do sb's) dirty work

• （干）没人愿干的事，卑鄙的勾当
  (to do) the unpleasant or dishonest jobs that sb else does not want to do

many hands make light work

• 人多好办事；众人拾柴火焰高
  used to say that a job is made easier if a lot of people help

make hard work of sth

• 在某事上耗费过多时间（或精力）；费冤枉力
  to use more time or energy on a task than is necessary

a job of work

• 分内的事；必须干的工作
  work that you are paid to do or that must be done
  1. There was a job of work waiting for him that he was not looking forward to.
     有一件他不想干但又必须完成的工作在等待着他。

make light work of sth

• 轻而易举地做（某事）
  to do sth quickly and with little effort

a nasty piece of work

• 恶棍；令人讨厌的人；靠不住的人
  a person who is unpleasant, unkind or dishonest

nice work!

• 干得好
  used to show you are pleased when sb has done sth well
  1. You did a good job today. Nice work, James!
     你今天干得不错。好样的，詹姆斯！

make short work of sth/sb

• 干净利落地打败（或处理）；三下五除二就打垮（或解决）
  to defeat, deal with sth/sb quickly
  1. Liverpool made short work of the opposition (= in a football/ soccer game) .
     利物浦队干净利落地击败了对手。
  2. He made short work of his lunch (= ate it quickly) .
     他三下两下吃完午饭。

(throw) a spanner in the works

• 干扰；出难题；从中捣乱
  (to cause) a delay or problem with sth that sb is planning or doing

noun

1. activity directed toward making or doing something
   1. she checked several points needing further work

2. the occupation for which you are paid
   1. he is looking for employment
   2. a lot of people are out of work

   Synonym:    employment

3. the total output of a writer or artist (or a substantial part of it)
   1. he studied the entire Wagnerian oeuvre
   2. Picasso's work can be divided into periods

   Synonym:    oeuvrebody of work

4. a product produced or accomplished through the effort or activity or agency of a person or thing
   1. it is not regarded as one of his more memorable works
   2. the symphony was hailed as an ingenious work
   3. he was indebted to the pioneering work of John Dewey
   4. the work of an active imagination
   5. erosion is the work of wind or water over time

   Synonym:    piece of work

5. a place where work is done
   1. he arrived at work early today

   Synonym:    workplace

6. applying the mind to learning and understanding a subject (especially by reading)
   1. mastering a second language requires a lot of work
   2. no schools offer graduate study in interior design

   Synonym:    study

7. (physics) a manifestation of energy
   1. work equals force times distance

verb

1. give a workout to
   1. Some parents exercise their infants
   2. My personal trainer works me hard
   3. work one's muscles
   4. this puzzle will exercise your mind

   Synonym:    exercisework out

2. arrive at a certain condition through repeated motion
   1. The stitches of the hem worked loose after she wore the skirt many times

3. go sour or spoil
   1. The milk has soured
   2. The wine worked
   3. The cream has turned--we have to throw it out

   Synonym:    sourturnferment

4. cause to undergo fermentation
   1. We ferment the grapes for a very long time to achieve high alcohol content
   2. The vintner worked the wine in big oak vats

   Synonym:    ferment

5. find the solution to (a problem or question) or understand the meaning of
   1. did you solve the problem?
   2. Work out your problems with the boss
   3. this unpleasant situation isn't going to work itself out
   4. did you get it?
   5. Did you get my meaning?
   6. He could not work the math problem

   Synonym:    solvework outfigure outpuzzle outlick

6. use or manipulate to one's advantage
   1. He exploit the new taxation system
   2. She knows how to work the system
   3. he works his parents for sympathy

   Synonym:    exploit

7. make uniform
   1. knead dough
   2. work the clay until it is soft

   Synonym:    knead

8. perform as expected when applied
   1. The washing machine won't go unless it's plugged in
   2. Does this old car still run well?
   3. This old radio doesn't work anymore

   Synonym:    functionoperategorun

9. move into or onto
   1. work the raisins into the dough
   2. the student worked a few jokes into his presentation
   3. work the body onto the flatbed truck

10. cause to happen or to occur as a consequence
    1. I cannot work a miracle
    2. wreak havoc
    3. bring comments
    4. play a joke
    5. The rain brought relief to the drought-stricken area

    Synonym:    bringplaywreakmake for

11. make something, usually for a specific function
    1. She molded the rice balls carefully
    2. Form cylinders from the dough
    3. shape a figure
    4. Work the metal into a sword

    Synonym:    shapeformmoldmouldforge

12. shape, form, or improve a material
    1. work stone into tools
    2. process iron
    3. work the metal

    Synonym:    work onprocess

13. prepare for crops
    1. Work the soil
    2. cultivate the land

    Synonym:    cultivatecrop

14. gratify and charm, usually in order to influence
    1. the political candidate worked the crowds

15. move in an agitated manner
    1. His fingers worked with tension

16. proceed along a path
    1. work one's way through the crowd
    2. make one's way into the forest

    Synonym:    make

17. provoke or excite
    1. The rock musician worked the crowd of young girls into a frenzy

18. proceed towards a goal or along a path or through an activity
    1. work your way through every problem or task
    2. She was working on her second martini when the guests arrived
    3. Start from the bottom and work towards the top

19. cause to work
    1. he is working his servants hard

    Synonym:    put to work

20. be employed
    1. Is your husband working again?
    2. My wife never worked
    3. Do you want to work after the age of 60?
    4. She never did any work because she inherited a lot of money
    5. She works as a waitress to put herself through college

    Synonym:    do work

21. exert oneself by doing mental or physical work for a purpose or out of necessity
    1. I will work hard to improve my grades
    2. she worked hard for better living conditions for the poor

22. cause to operate or function
    1. This pilot works the controls
    2. Can you work an electric drill?

23. operate in or through
    1. Work the phones

24. have an effect or outcome
    1. The voting process doesn't work as well as people thought
    2. How does your idea work in practice?
    3. This method doesn't work
    4. The breaks of my new car act quickly
    5. The medicine works only if you take it with a lot of water

    Synonym:    act

25. have and exert influence or effect
    1. The artist's work influenced the young painter
    2. She worked on her friends to support the political candidate

    Synonym:    influenceact upon

26. operate in a certain place, area, or specialty
    1. She works the night clubs
    2. The salesman works the Midwest
    3. This artist works mostly in acrylics

27. behave in a certain way when handled
    1. This dough does not work easily
    2. The soft metal works well