disincentive

noun

1. 起抑制作用的事物；遏制因素
   a thing that makes sb less willing to do sth

1. N-VAR 制止因素;阻碍因素
   A disincentive is something which discourages people from behaving or acting in a particular way.
   1. High marginal tax rates may act as a disincentive to working longer hours.
      高额的边际税率可能会对加班起到抑制作用。

1. High marginal tax rates may act as a disincentive to working longer hours.
   高额的边际税率可能会对加班起到抑制作用。
2. Others view it as a rigid brake on employment flexibility and a disincentive to hire new workers.
   其他人则将之视为对就业灵活性的严厉束缚和对雇佣新员工的阻碍。
3. The relatively long term nature of corporate equity and debt also creates a second disincentive for household investors to hold the direct financial claims issued reflect a reasonably accurate characterization of the operational differences between commercial firm and fis.
   公司产权和债务证券的相对长期性还会造成个人投资者对持有直接债权的不积极性，这合理地反映出商业公司和金融中间人之间运作方式的本质的不同。
4. Though this article has never been invoked and there are ambiguities about its exact use, the G20 should at least consider it as a possible incentive or disincentive.
   尽管此条从未被援引，对于其具体用法也存在一些模糊性，但G20至少应考虑将它当作一种可能的激励或抑制。
5. There is plenty of room for discussion about the causes of this growing gap, the extent to which reducing inequality should be a central objective of government policy and the possible disincentive effects of excessively progressive taxes.
   关于收入差距越来越大的原因、降低不平等在政府政策的核心目标中应该排在第几位，以及过分累进的税制可能产生的挫伤积极性的效果，存在很大的讨论空间。
6. This would create an economic disincentive to kill& shooting a rival would badly disrupt gang business.
   这就产生了对杀人的抑制因素-击杀竞争对手会严重的扰乱帮派生意。
7. Soybeans in the soybean saponin, is a disincentive for the AIDS virus, even if the virus into the body, it is difficult for growth and reproduction.
   黄豆中的大豆皂苷，对艾滋病病毒有抑制作用，病毒即使进入体内，也难生长繁殖。
8. Thus, it would serve as a disincentive to fiscal profligacy, thereby guarding against moral hazard and reducing the risk of future crises.
   因此，这将遏制财政挥霍行为，从而防范道德风险，降低未来爆发危机的风险。
9. Fixed wages and lack of promotion act as a disincentive to employees.
   工资固定又无晋升机会遏制了雇员的积极性。
10. If the government also protects import-competing goods, the disincentive to export production is even stronger.
    假如政府也保护与进口竞争的货物，那么对于出口生产的抑制也就更加强烈。
11. High taxes are a disincentive to industrial investment.
    税高是抑制工业投资的因素。
12. Finally, there is also the danger that controls on particular types of inflows could be a disincentive to other types of flows that are needed for growth and economic diversification.
    最后，对某种资金流入的管制，还可能不利于增长和经济多元化所需的其它类型的资金流动。
13. The systems of permissions, licences and passes for cutting and transporting timber acts as a disincentive.
    规章-关于砍伐和运输木材的各种许可、执照以及通行等实际上对造林起打击作用。
14. Many Chancellors have said that they would jump at a tax that had no disincentive effects on work or enterprise but had a strong redistributive element.
    许多大臣都表示，如果一种税对劳动和企业没有抑制性影响、却有着强大的再分配作用，他们会迫不及待地接受它。
15. This raises a third, more serious concern: that cheap three-year funding creates a disincentive for eurozone commercial banks to restructure their balance sheets and strengthen their capital base, as they must to stand on their own feet once the crisis is over.
    这引发了第三个、更为严重的担忧：廉价的三年期融资使得欧元区商业银行没有动力重组其资产负债表并强化资本基础，因为一旦危机结束他们必须自力更生。
16. The company said such an interpretation violated World Trade Organisation agreements and would be a disincentive for investment, because much pharmaceutical innovation occurs through incremental research.
    诺华表示，这样的解释违反了世界贸易组织（wto）协议，而且会阻碍投资，因为很多药品创新都发生在渐进式研发之中。
17. They get promotions, the honour of a job well done and the disincentive of shame if they fail.
    他们获得晋升，任务完成后感到光荣，失败后则感到耻辱。
18. A big disincentive to any investor has been the real possibility of GM going bust.
    对任意一位投资者而言，一个重大的障碍在于通用汽车破产的真实可能性。
19. No incentive without disincentive.
    没有约束就不要有激励。
20. The society also says that publishing models in which researchers pay to submit or publish papers "introduce a new disincentive to the exchange of knowledge".
    此外，在开放获取的出版模式下，研究者需要付费投稿或发表论文，从而“带来了一层妨碍知识交流的新屏障”。
21. This is not a negligible sum; but it would not take much in the way of disincentive effects, emigration or tax avoidance at the top to wipe it out altogether.
    这不是个可以忽略不计的小数目，但不需要太多的反向激励作用、移民出境、或是富人的避税行为，这笔钱就会被完全抹掉。
22. First, the rest of the labour market is as rigid as ever: typically, the law entitles laid-off employees to compensation of 24-36 months of pay, which is a big disincentive to restructuring.
    首先，劳动力市场的其他部分仍然空前僵化：一般情况下，法律规定雇主向被裁员的员工支付相当于24至36个月工资的补偿金，这严重抑制了企业重组。
23. Given current intellectual property regimes, poverty is a disincentive for innovation.
    鉴于目前的知识产权制度，贫穷对创新具有抑制作用。
24. Another big disincentive for hot money is that there are widespread fears that the Chinese economy is starting to cool and that the property market is about to crash.
    另一个阻碍热钱流入的重要因素是，人们普遍担心中国经济已经开始降温，房地产市场即将崩盘。
25. Cheap HFC-23 credits are a disincentive to investing in low-carbon electricity plants.
    廉价的HFC-23额度妨碍了对于低碳发电厂的投资。
26. The risk that new compounds may be withdrawn from the market is a strong disincentive to new drug development.
    新化合物有可能被撤出市场，这种风险对新药物开发具有强大抑制作用。
27. Plus some super-market sales strategy, but also a disincentive for housing.
    再加上一些超级大盘低价入市的策略，也会对房价有抑制作用。
28. Any further increase in benefits would be a disincentive to work.
    再提高救济金就会对工作起抑制作用。
29. Another disincentive for borrowers has been the penalty rates of interest charged by central banks ( in particular, by the Bank of England) and the demand for very high-quality bonds as collateral.
    制约借款者的其他因素是央行（尤其是英国央行）收取的罚息利率并要求以高质量债券作为抵押。

noun

1. a negative motivational influence

   Synonym:    deterrence