hold

verb

手；双臂 in hand/arms

1. 拿着；抓住；抱住；托住
   to carry sth; to have sb/sth in your hand, arms, etc.
   1. She was holding a large box.
      她提着一只大箱子。
   2. I held the mouse by its tail.
      我抓着耗子的尾巴倒提起来。
   3. The girl held her father's hand tightly.
      女孩紧紧地拉着她父亲的手。
   4. He was holding the baby in his arms.
      他抱着婴儿。
   5. The winning captain held the trophy in the air.
      获胜队的队长把奖杯高举到空中。
   6. We were holding hands (= holding each other's hands) .
      我们手拉着手。
   7. The lovers held each other close.
      这对恋人紧紧相拥。
2. 抱住，捂住，按住（受伤的身体部位等）
   to put your hand on part of your body, usually because it hurts
   1. She groaned and held her head.
      她呻吟着，用手抱住头。

位置 in position

3. 使保持（在某位置）
   to keep sb/sth in a particular position
   1. Hold your head up.
      抬起头来。
   2. Hold this position for a count of 10.
      保持这个姿势别动，数到10。
   3. The wood is held in position by a clamp.
      这木头用夹钳固定住了。
   4. I had to hold my stomach in (= pull the muscles flat) to zip up my jeans.
      我得把肚皮收紧才能拉上牛仔裤的拉链。
   5. I'll hold the door open for you.
      我会把门给你开着的。

支撑 support

4. 支撑…的重量
   to support the weight of sb/sth
   1. I don't think that branch will hold your weight.
      我觉得那根树枝撑不住你的重量。

容纳；包含 contain

5. 容纳；包含
   to have enough space for sth/sb; to contain sth/sb
   1. This barrel holds 25 litres.
      这只桶能盛25升。
   2. The plane holds about 300 passengers.
      这架飞机可容纳大约300名乘客。

监禁 sb prisoner

6. 监禁；拘留
   to keep sb and not allow them to leave
   1. Police are holding two men in connection with last Thursday's bank raid.
      警方拘留了两名与上星期四的银行抢劫案有关的男子。
   2. He was held prisoner for two years.
      他被囚禁了两年。

控制 control

7. 守卫；控制
   to defend sth against attack; to have control of sth
   1. The rebels held the radio station.
      叛乱者占据了电台。

保持 remain

8. 顶住；坚持住；保持原位
   to remain strong and safe or in position
   1. They were afraid the dam wouldn't hold.
      他们担心大坝会溃堤。
9. 保持不变
   to remain the same
   1. How long will the fine weather hold?
      好天气会持续多久？
   2. If their luck holds, they could still win the championship.
      如果他们的好运持续下去，他们仍能赢得冠军。

使持续 keep

10. 使（注意力或兴趣）持续不减；吸引住
    to keep sb's attention or interest
    1. There wasn't much in the museum to hold my attention.
       博物馆中没有很多让我感兴趣的东西。
11. 使保持同样程度（或比率、速度等）
    to keep sth at the same level, rate, speed, etc.
    1. Hold your speed at 70.
       保持70迈的速度。
12. 保存；存贮
    to keep sth so that it can be used later
    1. records held on computer
       存在计算机中的记录
    2. Our solicitor holds our wills.
       律师保存着我们的遗嘱。
    3. We can hold your reservation for three days.
       您的预订我们可以保留三天。

拥有 own

13. 拥有；持有
    to own or have sth
    1. Employees hold 30% of the shares.
       雇员持有30%的股份。

工作 job

14. 担任；任职
    to have a particular job or position
    1. How long has he held office?
       他任职有多久了？

纪录；称号 record/title

15. 获得；赢得
    to have sth you have gained or achieved
    1. Who holds the world record for the long jump?
       跳远世界纪录的保持者是谁？
    2. She held the title of world champion for three years.
       她保持了三年的世界冠军头衔。

意见 opinion

16. 怀有，持有（信念、意见）
    to have a belief or an opinion about sb/sth
    1. He holds strange views on education.
       他对教育的看法不同寻常。
    2. She is held in high regard by her students (= they have a high opinion of her) .
       学生对她评价很高。
    3. firmly-held beliefs
       坚定的信念
17. 认为；相信
    to consider that sth is true
    1. I still hold that the government's economic policies are mistaken.
       我仍然认为政府的经济政策是错误的。
    2. Parents will be held responsible for their children's behaviour.
       父母将要对孩子的行为负责。
    3. These vases are held to be the finest examples of Greek art.
       这些花瓶被视为希腊艺术的最佳典范。

会议 meeting

18. 召开；举行；进行
    to have a meeting, competition, conversation, etc.
    1. The meeting will be held in the community centre.
       会议将在社区活动中心举行。
    2. It's impossible to hold a conversation with all this noise.
       噪音这么大，根本没法进行交谈。

道路；路线 road/course

19. （尤指机动车高速时）平稳行驶
    if a vehicle holds the road , it is in close contact with the road and easy to control, especially when driven fast
20. （船或飞机）保持航线
    if a ship or an aircraft holds a course , it continues to move in a particular direction

音乐 in music

21. 延长，继续唱（某音符）
    to make a note continue for a particular time

电话 on telephone

22. （打电话时）等待，不挂断
    to wait until you can speak to the person you have telephoned
    1. That extension is busy right now. Can you hold?
       分机现在占线。您能等一会吗？
    2. She asked me to hold the line .
       她要我别挂断电话。

停止 stop

23. 停下；不要做
    used to tell sb to stop doing sth or not to do sth
    1. Hold your fire! (= don't shoot)
       别开枪！
    2. Hold the front page! (= don't print it until a particular piece of news is available)
       把头版暂时空着！
    3. Give me a hot dog, but hold the (= don't give me any) mustard.
       给我来份热狗，但别加芥末。

noun

用手 with hand

1. 抓；握；拿；支撑
   the action of holding sb/sth; the way you are holding sb/sth
   1. His hold on her arm tightened.
      他把她的胳膊抓得更紧了。
   2. She tried to keep hold of the child's hand.
      她尽力拉住那孩子的手不放。
   3. Make sure you've got a steady hold on the camera.
      一定要拿稳相机。

体育运动 in sport

2. 持；握；抓；抱；（尤指摔跤、拳击中的）擒拿法
   a particular way of holding sb, especially in a sport such as wrestling or in a fight
   1. The wrestler put his opponent into a head hold.
      那位摔跤手给对手来了个头部擒拿。

权力；控制 power/control

3. 影响；左右力；控制
   influence, power or control over sb/sth
   1. What she knew about his past gave her a hold over him.
      她知道他的过去，所以能够控制他。
   2. He struggled to get a hold of his anger.
      他竭力压制自己的怒火。

攀登 in climbing

4. 支撑点（可手攀或脚踏的地方）
   a place where you can put your hands or feet when climbing

船；飞机 on ship/plane

5. 货舱
   the part of a ship or plane where the goods being carried are stored

PHYSICALLY TOUCHING, SUPPORT-ING, OR CONTAINING 身体接触;支承;容纳

1. VERB 拿着;握住;托住
   When you hold something, you carry or support it, using your hands or your arms.
   1. Hold the knife at an angle...
      斜握住刀。
   2. She is holding her journal and a pen...
      她手里拿着日记和一支笔。
   3. He held the pistol in his right hand...
      他右手握着手枪。
   4. Hold the baby while I load the car.
      你先抱着孩子，让我把东西装上车。
   5. Hold is also a noun.
      
   6. He released his hold on the camera.
      他松手放开了照相机。
2. N-UNCOUNT （紧紧的）拿，握
   Hold is used in expressions such as grab hold of ,catch hold of, and get hold of, to indicate that you close your hand tightly around something, for example to stop something moving or falling.
   1. I was woken up by someone grabbing hold of my sleeping bag...
      有人猛地抓住了我的睡袋，把我惊醒了。
   2. A doctor and a nurse caught hold of his arms...
      一名医生和一名护士抓住了他的双臂。
   3. Mother took hold of the barking dogs by their collars.
      母亲拉住了那几只吠叫的狗的项圈。
3. VERB （通常为表示喜爱或安慰而）拥抱，抱住
   When you hold someone, you put your arms round them, usually because you want to show them how much you like them or because you want to comfort them.
   1. If only he would hold her close to him.
      要是他能将她拥入怀中就好了。
4. VERB 用力使（某人）不得动弹
   If you hold someone in a particular position, you use force to keep them in that position and stop them from moving.
   1. He then held the man in an armlock until police arrived...
      然后他反扭住那名男子的手臂让他动弹不得，直到警察赶到。
   2. I'd got two nurses holding me down.
      两名护士按着我不让我乱动。
5. N-COUNT （使某人不得动弹的）抓住，夹住
   A hold is a particular way of keeping someone in a position using your own hands, arms, or legs.
   1. ...use of an unauthorized hold on a handcuffed suspect.
      对戴手铐的嫌疑犯使用非法的擒拿方式
6. VERB （常指疼伤痛而）按住，捂住
   When you hold a part of your body, you put your hand on or against it, often because it hurts.
   1. Soon she was crying bitterly about the pain and was holding her throat.
      很快她痛得大哭起来，同时用手捂着自己的喉咙。
7. VERB 使（身体部位）保持（某种姿势）
   When you hold a part of your body in a particular position, you put it into that position and keep it there.
   1. Hold your hands in front of your face...
      把双手举在面前。
   2. He walked at a rapid pace with his back straight and his head held erect.
      他昂首挺胸地快步而行。
8. VERB 把…固定住
   If one thing holds another in a particular position, it keeps it in that position.
   1. ...the wooden wedge which held the heavy door open...
      卡住沉重的门不让它关上的木楔
   2. They used steel pins to hold everything in place.
      他们用钢钉将所有东西都固定住。
9. VERB 存放;盛放;装
   If one thing is used to hold another, it is used to store it.
   1. Two knife racks hold her favourite knives.
      两个刀架上存放着她最心爱的刀具。
   2. ...the large cardboard and wooden cases used to hold my new appliances.
      用来装我新买的家用电器的几个大的纸箱和木箱
10. N-COUNT （船、飞机等的）货舱，行李舱
    In a ship or aeroplane, a hold is a place where cargo or luggage is stored.
    1. A fire had been reported in the cargo hold.
       行李舱内报称起火了。
11. VERB 储备;储存
    If a place holds something, it keeps it available for reference or for future use.
    1. The Small Firms Service holds an enormous amount of information on any business problem...
       小型企业服务处备有关于各种商务问题的海量信息。
    2. We have reviewed the data that we hold for the area.
       我们已经审核过为该地区保存的数据了。
12. VERB 容纳得下
    If something holds a particular amount of something, it can contain that amount.
    1. The small bottles don't seem to hold much...
       这些小瓶子好像装不下多少。
    2. One CD-ROM disk can hold over 100,000 pages of text.
       一张光盘可以存储十多万多页的文字资料。
13. VERB 大量喝（酒）而不醉
    If you can hold your drink, you are able to drink large quantities of alcohol without becoming ill or getting drunk.
    1. ...but you had to be able to hold your liquor.
       但你得能喝酒才行。
14. VERB （车辆）抓（地）
    If a vehicle holds the road well, it remains in close contact with the road and can be controlled safely and easily.
    1. I thought the car held the road really well.
       我认为这辆车抓地性能真的非常好。
15. See also: holding

HAVING OR DOING 拥有；做

Hold is often used to indicate that someone or something has the particular thing, characteristic, or attitude that is mentioned. Therefore it takes most of its meaning from the word that follows it.
hold 常用来表示某人或某物具备所提到的某种东西、特征或态度，因此其意义主要视后接之词而定。

1. VERB 持有，怀有（观点、信念等）
   Hold is used with words and expressions indicating an opinion or belief, to show that someone has a particular opinion or believes that something is true.
   1. He held firm opinions which usually conflicted with my own...
      他对自己的观点坚定不移，而这些观点通常和我的相左。
   2. He holds certain expectations about the teacher's role...
      他对教师的角色抱有某些期待。
   3. Current thinking holds that obesity is more a medical than a psychological problem...
      现在的观点认为，肥胖更多的是医学问题而非心理问题。
   4. The public, meanwhile, hold architects in low esteem.
      与此同时，公众对建筑师并不看重。
   5. ...a widely held opinion.
      普遍的看法
2. VERB 带给人，使人感到（害怕、神秘等）
   Hold is used with words such as 'fear' or 'mystery' to indicate someone's feelings towards something, as if those feelings were a characteristic of the thing itself.
   1. Death doesn't hold any fear for me...
      死亡对我来说并不可怕。
   2. It held more mystery than even the darkest jungle...
      它甚至比最黑暗的丛林还更令人感到神秘。
   3. This approach, more than any other, holds promise for true reform.
      这一方法比其他任何方法都更让人看到真正改革的希望。
3. VERB 担任（职务）;掌握（权力）;负有（责任）
   Hold is used with nouns such as 'office', 'power', and 'responsibility' to indicate that someone has a particular position of power or authority.
   1. She has never held ministerial office...
      她从未担任过部长级职务。
   2. I'd seen it before in people who held immense power.
      我以前曾在掌握大权的人身上看到过这种情况。
4. VERB 持有（许可、票证等）;拥有（学位等）
   Hold is used with nouns such as 'permit', 'degree', or 'ticket' to indicate that someone has a particular document that allows them to do something.
   1. Applicants should normally hold a good Honours degree...
      申请人通常应该拥有优秀荣誉学位。
   2. He did not hold a firearm certificate...
      他没有持枪许可。
   3. Passengers holding tickets will receive refunds.
      持票旅客将会得到退款。
5. VERB 举行（聚会、会议、会谈、选举、审判等）
   Hold is used with nouns such as 'party', 'meeting', 'talks', 'election', and 'trial' to indicate that people are organizing a particular activity.
   1. The country will hold democratic elections within a year...
      该国将在一年之内举行民主选举。
   2. The German sports federation said it would hold an investigation.
      德国体育联合会称它将进行调查。
   3. ...the club, which was licensed to hold parties.
      获准举办各种聚会的俱乐部
6. V-RECIP 进行（谈话、采访、会商等）
   Hold is used with nouns such as 'conversation', 'interview', and 'talks' to indicate that two or more people meet and discuss something.
   1. The Prime Minister, is holding consultations with his colleagues to finalise the deal...
      首相正在和同僚进行磋商，以敲定该协议。
   2. The engineer and his son held frequent consultations concerning technical problems...
      工程师和他的儿子经常就技术问题互相征求意见。
   3. They can't believe you can even hold a conversation.
      他们不敢相信你竟然能够把一场对话进行下去。
7. See also: The group said it continues to hold 1,774,687 Vons shares... The Fisher family holds 40% of the stock. holding
8. VERB 占有（领先地位、优势等）
   Hold is used with words such as 'lead' or 'advantage' to indicate that someone is winning or doing well in a contest.
   1. He continued to hold a lead in Angola's presidential race...
      他继续在安哥拉总统大选中占据领先地位。
   2. Mestel holds a slight advantage.
      梅斯特尔占有微弱优势。
9. VERB 吸引住（注意力）;保持（兴趣）
   Hold is used with nouns such as 'attention' or 'interest' to indicate that what you do or say keeps someone interested or listening to you.
   1. If you want to hold someone's attention, look them directly in the eye but don't stare...
      如果想吸引住某人的注意力，就要直视他们的眼睛，但别死盯着。
   2. Couldn't I hold Philippe's interest?
      我难道就不能让菲利普一直感兴趣吗？
10. VERB 认定（…负有责任）;归（咎）于
    If you hold someone responsible, liable, or accountable for something, you will blame them if anything goes wrong.
    1. It's impossible to hold any individual responsible.
       不可能归咎于任何个人。
    2. ...shareholders who want to hold corporate directors more accountable for their actions.
       想让公司董事为自己的行为负更大责任的股东们

CONTROLLING OR REMAINING 控制；保持

1. VERB 关押;扣留
   If someone holds you in a place, they keep you there as a prisoner and do not allow you to leave.
   1. The inside of a van was as good a place as any to hold a kidnap victim...
      小货车内是关押被绑架人的好地方。
   2. Somebody is holding your wife hostage...
      有人挟持了你妻子作为人质。
   3. Japan had originally demanded the return of two seamen held on spying charges.
      日本起初要求放回两名以间谍罪名遭拘留的海员。
2. VERB （军队、暴乱人群等）占据，控制
   If people such as an army or a violent crowd hold a place, they control it by using force.
   1. Demonstrators have been holding the square since Sunday.
      示威者从周日起就占领了广场。
3. N-SING （因握有某人把柄或掌握权力而形成的）控制力，支配力
   If you have a hold over someone, you have power or control over them, for example because you know something about them you can use to threaten them or because you are in a position of authority.
   1. It's always useful to have a hold over a fellow like Carl May...
      能支配像卡尔·梅这样的人总是很有用的。
   2. He had ordered his officers to keep an exceptionally firm hold over their men...
      他已经命令军官要倍加严格地管住自己的手下。
   3. Because he once loved her, she still has a hold on him.
      因为他曾经爱过她，她现在仍能对他产生影响。
4. VERB （接电话时让对方）稍等，不要挂断
   If you ask someone to hold, or to hold the line, when you are answering a telephone call, you are asking them to wait for a short time, for example so that you can find the person they want to speak to.
   1. Could you hold the line and I'll just get my pen...
      能否请您稍等一会儿，我拿支笔？
   2. A telephone operator asked him to hold.
      电话接线员让他不要挂断。
5. VERB 代接（电话）并向受话人转告通话内容
   If you hold telephone calls for someone, you do not allow people who phone to speak to that person, but take messages instead.
   1. He tells his secretary to hold his calls.
      他让秘书代接电话。
6. V-ERG （使）保持（在一定价值或水平）
   If something holds at a particular value or level, or is held there, it is kept at that value or level.
   1. OPEC production is holding at around 21.5 million barrels a day...
      石油输出国组织的石油产量保持在每天约2,150万桶。
   2. They were expecting the jobless rate to hold steady...
      他们预计失业率会保持稳定。
   3. The Prime Minister yesterday ruled out Government action to hold down petrol prices...
      首相昨天表示政府不会采取行动抑制汽油价格上涨。
   4. The final dividend will be held at 20.7p, after an 8 per cent increase.
      增长了8%后，最终的红利将会保持在20.7便士的水平。
   5. ...provided the pound holds its value against the euro.
      只要英镑保持其和欧元之间的比价
7. VERB 持续发出（声音、音符）
   If you hold a sound or musical note, you continue making it.
   1. ...a voice which hit and held every note with perfect ease and clarity.
      非常自如清晰地唱出并拉长每个音符的歌喉
8. VERB 延迟;推迟
   If you hold something such as a train, a lift, or an elevator, you delay it.
   1. A London Underground spokesman defended the decision to hold the train until police arrived.
      伦敦地铁公司的发言人为推迟发车直到警方赶来的决定作了辩解。
9. VERB （提议、邀请等）有效
   If an offer or invitation still holds, it is still available for you to accept.
   1. Does your offer still hold?
      你的提议仍然有效吗？
10. VERB （好形势）保持不变，持续
    If a good situation holds, it continues and does not get worse or fail.
    1. Our luck couldn't hold for ever...
       我们不会永远走运。
    2. Would the weather hold?...
       天气会保持晴好吗？
    3. Will the ceasefire hold?
       停火能持续下去吗？
11. VERB （论点、理论等）站得住脚，成立
    If an argument or theory holds, it is true or valid, even after close examination.
    1. Today, most people think that argument no longer holds...
       今天，大多数人认为那个论点已经站不住脚了。
    2. The theory could still hold.
       该理论有可能仍然成立。
    3. Hold up means the same as hold .
       hold up 同 hold
    4. Democrats say arguments against the bill won't hold up.
       民主党人声称反对该议案的论点站不住脚。
12. VERB （在重压下）保持不倒，支撑住
    If part of a structure holds, it does not fall or break although there is a lot of force or pressure on it.
    1. How long would the roof hold?
       房顶能支撑多久？
13. VERB （法规等）适用，有效
    If laws or rules hold, they exist and remain in force.
    1. These laws also hold for universities.
       这些法律也适用于各大学。
14. VERB 坚持（观点或信念）
    If you say that you hold to a particular opinion or belief, you are stating firmly that you continue to have that opinion or belief.
    1. I hold to my belief that people should be allowed to have private lives...
       我坚信应该允许人们拥有自己的私生活。
    2. Would you still hold to that view?
       你仍会坚持那个看法吗？
15. VERB 遵守，恪守（承诺或高尚的行为准则）
    If you hold to a promise or to high standards of behaviour, you keep that promise or continue to behave according to those standards.
    1. Will the President be able to hold to this commit-ment?...
       总统能恪守此承诺吗？
    2. Not all men are as honorable or hold to the same standards as Sam.
       不是所有的人都像萨姆那样品德如此高尚，抑或恪守同样的道德准则。
    3. ...whether youngsters in a multicultural society can really be expected to hold to uniformity in their speech.
       多文化社会中的年轻人是否真的有望坚持言语的统一性
16. VERB 使遵守，使恪守（承诺或高尚的行为准则）
    If someone or something holds you to a promise or to high standards of behaviour, they make you keep that promise or those standards.
    1. I would say it's almost time to hold him to that promise...
       我认为已经差不多是时候让他兑现那个承诺了。
    2. Don't hold me to that...
       我不能百分百保证。
    3. It does hold you to certain standards of fairness.
       它的确能让你恪守某些公平原则。

PHRASES 短语

1. PHRASE （尤指当众）滔滔不绝地说
   If you hold forth on a subject, you speak confidently and for a long time about it, especially to a group of people.
   1. Barry was holding forth on politics.
      巴里正在滔滔不绝地谈论政治。
2. PHRASE （通常指好不容易）得到，获得
   If you get hold of an object or information, you obtain it, usually after some difficulty.
   1. It is hard to get hold of guns in this country.
      在这个国家里要搞到枪支是很困难的。
3. PHRASE 领会;弄懂
   If you get hold of a fact or a subject, you learn about it and understand it well.
   1. He first had to get hold of some basic facts.
      他首先得弄清一些基本事实。
4. PHRASE 设法和…取得联络
   If you get hold of someone, you manage to contact them.
   1. The only electrician we could get hold of was miles away.
      我们唯一能够联络到的电工离这里有好几英里远。
5. CONVENTION 停下;慢着
   If you say 'Hold it', you are telling someone to stop what they are doing and to wait.
   1. Hold it! Don't move!
      停下！别动！
6. PHRASE 延迟;暂缓;搁置
   If you put something on hold, you decide not to do it, deal with it, or change it now, but to leave it until later.
   1. He put his retirement on hold until he had found a solution...
      他推迟了退休，直到他找到了解决办法。
   2. He described their foreign policy as on hold.
      他将他们的外交政策称为缓兵之计。
7. PHRASE （面对攻击、反对等）顶住，坚持住
   If you hold your own, you are able to resist someone who is attacking or opposing you.
   1. The Frenchman held his own against the challenger.
      这名法国人顶住了挑战者的进攻。
8. PHRASE 与…相匹敌;不比…逊色
   If you can do something well enough to hold your own, you do not appear foolish when you are compared with someone who is generally thought to be very good at it.
   1. She can hold her own against almost any player.
      她几乎能和任何一名选手一较高下。
9. PHRASE 不动
   If you hold still, you do not move.
   1. Can't you hold still for a second?
      你一秒钟不动都做不到吗？
10. PHRASE 完全控制;彻底影响
    If something takes hold, it gains complete control or influence over a person or thing.
    1. She felt a strange excitement taking hold of her...
       她浑身感到一股莫名的兴奋。
    2. She was determined not to let the illness take hold again.
       她决心不让疾病再次击垮自己。
11. PHRASE 抓紧;抓牢;扶好（以站稳）
    If you hold tight, you put your hand round or against something in order to prevent yourself from falling over. A bus driver might say 'Hold tight!' to you if you are standing on a bus when it is about to move.
    1. He held tight to the rope...
       他牢牢抓住绳子。
    2. Climb on to my back and hold tight.
       爬到我背上抓紧了。
12. PHRASE 暂不行动
    If you hold tight, you do not immediately start a course of action that you have been planning or thinking about.
    1. The unions have circulated their branches, urging members to hold tight until a national deal is struck.
       各工会已经在其分支机构中作了宣传工作，敦促会员等到达成全国性协议后再行动。
13. to hold something at bay → see: bay

PHRASAL VERBS 短语动词

1. He held firm opinions which usually conflicted with my own
   他所持的观点通常与我的相左，而且很难改变。
2. Hold the knife at an angle
   斜握住刀。
3. I was woken up by someone grabbing hold of my sleeping bag
   有人猛地抓住了我的睡袋，把我惊醒了。
4. If only he would hold her close to him.
   要是他能将她拥入怀中就好了。
5. He then held the man in an armlock until police arrived
   然后他反扭住那名男子的手臂让他动弹不得，直到警察赶到。
6. Soon she was crying bitterly about the pain and was holding her throat.
   很快她痛得大哭起来，同时用手捂着自己的喉咙。
7. Hold your hands in front of your face
   把双手举在面前。
8. They used steel pins to hold everything in place.
   他们用钢钉将所有东西都固定住。
9. Two knife racks hold her favourite knives.
   两个刀架上存放着她最心爱的刀具。
10. A fire had been reported in the cargo hold.
    行李舱内报称起火了。
11. The Small Firms Service holds an enormous amount of information on any business problem
    小型企业服务处备有关于各种商务问题的海量信息。
12. The small bottles don't seem to hold much
    这些小瓶子好像装不下多少。
13. I thought the car held the road really well.
    我认为这辆车抓地性能真的非常好。
14. Death doesn't hold any fear for me
    死亡对我来说并不可怕。
15. She has never held ministerial office
    她从未担任过部长级职务。
16. Applicants should normally hold a good Honours degree
    申请人通常应该拥有优秀荣誉学位。
17. The country will hold democratic elections within a year
    该国将在一年之内举行民主选举。
18. The Prime Minister, is holding consultations with his colleagues to finalise the deal
    首相正在和同僚进行磋商，以敲定该协议。
19. The group said it continues to hold 1,774,687 Vons shares
    该集团称其继续持有1,774,687股冯氏公司的股份。
20. He continued to hold a lead in Angola's presidential race
    他继续在安哥拉总统大选中占据领先地位。
21. If you want to hold someone's attention, look them directly in the eye but don't stare
    如果想吸引住某人的注意力，就要直视他们的眼睛，但别死盯着。
22. It's impossible to hold any individual responsible.
    不可能归咎于任何个人。
23. The inside of a van was as good a place as any to hold a kidnap victim
    小货车内是关押被绑架人的好地方。
24. Demonstrators have been holding the square since Sunday.
    示威者从周日起就占领了广场。
25. It's always useful to have a hold over a fellow like Carl May
    能支配像卡尔·梅这样的人总是很有用的。
26. Could you hold the line and I'll just get my pen
    能否请您稍等一会儿，我拿支笔？
27. He tells his secretary to hold his calls.
    他让秘书代接电话。
28. A London Underground spokesman defended the decision to hold the train until police arrived.
    伦敦地铁公司的发言人为推迟发车直到警方赶来的决定作了辩解。
29. Does your offer still hold?
    你的提议仍然有效吗？

  hold contain embody embrace include involve【导航词义：容纳，包含】

  hold v. 容纳

〔辨析〕指容纳某一数量的人或事物，强调包容的能力。

  contain v. 容纳，包含

〔辨析〕指容器装有具体东西，含仍有剩余空间之意；也指包含具体之物或数据、信息等。

  embody v. 〈正式〉包括，包含

〔辨析〕指包含某些内容，而这些内容是某事物的组成部分。

  embrace v. 〈正式〉包括，包含

〔辨析〕指包含和整体有关的细节。

  include v. 包括，包含

〔辨析〕指包括属于整体的部分，可以是具体的或抽象的。

  involve v. 包含，需要

〔辨析〕指必然包括某种结果，所接的事物通常是抽象的。

  embrace clasp hold hug【导航词义：拥抱】

  embrace v. 〈书〉拥抱

〔辨析〕通常表示爱意或友善。

  clasp v. 〈书〉抱紧，紧握

〔辨析〕强调抱或握得很紧。

  hold v. 抱住，抱着

〔辨析〕强调抱着的状态。

  hug v. 拥抱，紧抱

〔辨析〕既可表示拥抱他人，也可表示抱住自己的身体。

  have enjoy hold own possess【导航词义：有】

  have v. 〈尤英〉有，拥有

〔辨析〕又作 have got, 指拥有某物并可随时使用，作此义解时，通常用于口语；也指具有某种外表、特性、特征等或包括某物在内。

  enjoy v. 〈正式〉拥有，享有

〔辨析〕通常指享有声誉、权利、利益等好的东西。

  hold v. 拥有，持有

〔辨析〕指拥有某些财产或头衔，也可表示心中怀有某种看法。

  own v. 拥有

〔辨析〕指具有所有权，尤指因购买、接受赠予等而合法地拥有。

  possess v. 〈正式〉拥有，具有

〔辨析〕通常指拥有某种好的品质、能力等，也指持有某物。

hold sth against sb

1. 因某人的所为而对其评价低
   to allow sth that sb has done to make you have a lower opinion of them

hold sb/sth↔back

1. 拦阻；阻挡
   to prevent sb/sth from moving forward or crossing sth
   1. She groaned and held her head.
      她呻吟着，用手抱住头。
2. 妨碍进展
   to prevent the progress or development of sb/sth

hold sth↔back

1. 不向（某人）透露情况；隐瞒
   to not tell sb sth they want or need to know
2. 抑制，控制（感情等）；不露声色
   to stop yourself from expressing how you really feel
   1. I don't think that branch will hold your weight.
      我觉得那根树枝撑不住你的重量。

hold back (from doing sth)

hold sb back (from doing sth)

1. （使）犹豫，踌躇
   to hesitate or to make sb hesitate to act or speak

hold sb↔down

1. 按住某人
   to prevent sb from moving, using force
2. 剥夺某人的自由（或权利）
   to prevent sb from having their freedom or rights
   1. The rebels held the radio station.
      叛乱者占据了电台。

hold sth↔down

1. 使保持低水平
   to keep sth at a low level
   1. They were afraid the dam wouldn't hold.
      他们担心大坝会溃堤。
2. 保住（工作、职位）
   to keep a job for some time
   1. How long will the fine weather hold?
      好天气会持续多久？
   2. If their luck holds, they could still win the championship.
      如果他们的好运持续下去，他们仍能赢得冠军。
3. 限制（尤指噪音）
   to limit sth, especially a noise

hold forth

1. 喋喋不休；大发议论
   to speak for a long time about sth in a way that other people might find boring
   1. Hold your speed at 70.
      保持70迈的速度。

hold sth↔in

1. 克制，忍住（真实感情）
   to not express how you really feel

hold off

1. 不开始；延迟
   to not start
2. 推迟
   to not do sth immediately
   1. How long has he held office?
      他任职有多久了？

hold sb/sth↔off

1. 战胜；克服
   to stop sb/sth defeating you
   1. Who holds the world record for the long jump?
      跳远世界纪录的保持者是谁？
   2. She held the title of world champion for three years.
      她保持了三年的世界冠军头衔。

hold on

1. 等着；停住
   used to tell sb to wait or stop
   1. He holds strange views on education.
      他对教育的看法不同寻常。
   2. She is held in high regard by her students (= they have a high opinion of her) .
      学生对她评价很高。
   3. firmly-held beliefs
      坚定的信念
2. （在困境或危险中）坚持住，挺住
   to survive in a difficult or dangerous situation
   1. I still hold that the government's economic policies are mistaken.
      我仍然认为政府的经济政策是错误的。
   2. Parents will be held responsible for their children's behaviour.
      父母将要对孩子的行为负责。
   3. These vases are held to be the finest examples of Greek art.
      这些花瓶被视为希腊艺术的最佳典范。
3. （电话用语）别挂断，等一下
   used on the telephone to ask sb to wait until they can talk to the person they want

hold sth↔on

1. 固定
   to keep sth in position

hold on (to sth/sb)

hold onto sth/sb

1. 抓紧；不放开
   to keep holding sth/sb

hold on to sth

hold onto sth

1. 保住（优势）；不送（或不卖）某物
   to keep sth that is an advantage for you; to not give or sell sth to sb else
   1. That extension is busy right now. Can you hold?
      分机现在占线。您能等一会吗？
   2. She asked me to hold the line .
      她要我别挂断电话。
2. （替别人或更长时间地）保存某物
   to keep sth for sb else or for longer than usual

hold out

1. 维持；坚持
   to last, especially in a difficult situation
2. 抵抗；幸存
   to resist or survive in a dangerous or difficult situation

hold out sth

1. 提供机会；给予希望；使有可能
   to offer a chance, hope or possibility of sth

hold sth↔out

1. 伸出手（或胳膊）；递出东西
   to put your hand or arms, or sth in your hand, towards sb, especially to give or offer sth

hold out for sth

1. （为得到利益）拖延达成协议
   to cause a delay in reaching an agreement because you hope you will gain sth

hold out on sb

1. 拒绝告诉（或给予）某人
   to refuse to tell or give sb sth

hold sth↔over

1. 搁置；推迟
   to not deal with sth immediately; to leave sth to be dealt with later
2. 延长（电影、戏剧等）的上演期
   to show a film/movie, play, etc. for longer than planned

hold sth over sb

1. 以某事要挟（或威逼）某人
   to use knowledge that you have about sb to threaten them or make them do what you want

hold sb to sth

1. 要求某人遵守诺言
   to make sb keep a promise
2. 压住对方；不让对方的（得分等）超过己方
   to stop an opposing team scoring more points, etc. than you

hold together

hold sth ↔ together

1. （使）保持团结
   to remain, or to keep sth, united
2. 合乎逻辑；连贯
   to be logical or consistent
3. （机器、物品）完好无损
   if a machine or an object holds together or sth holds it together , the different parts stay together so that it does not break

hold up

1. 支持住；承受住；支撑得住
   to remain strong and working effectively

hold sb/sth↔up

1. 搀扶；支撑；举起；抬起
   to support sb/sth and stop them from falling
2. 延迟；阻碍
   to delay or block the movement or progress of sb/sth
3. 举出（例子）；提出（作为榜样）
   to use or present sb/sth as an example

hold up sth

1. 持枪抢劫（银行、商店等）
   to steal from a bank, shop/store, etc. using a gun

hold with sth

1. 同意；赞成
   to agree with sth

v.

hold good

• 正确；适用
  to be true
  1. The same argument does not hold good in every case.
     同样的论点并非在所有的情况下都正确。

hold it

• 稍等；别动
  used to ask sb to wait, or not to move
  1. Hold it a second─I don't think everyone's arrived yet.
     请稍候——我想人还没有到齐。

there is no holding sb

• 阻拦不住某人
  a person cannot be prevented from doing sth
  1. Once she gets onto the subject of politics there's no holding her.
     她一谈起政治就滔滔不绝。

n.

catch, get, grab, take, etc. (a) hold of sb/sth

• 抓住；拿着；握着；握住
  to have or take sb/sth in your hands
  1. He caught hold of her wrists so she couldn't get away.
     他抓住她的手腕，使她无法挣脱。
  2. Lee got hold of the dog by its collar.
     李拉住了狗的项圈。
  3. Quick, grab a hold of that rope.
     快，抓住那条绳子。
  4. Gently, she took hold of the door handle and turned it.
     她轻轻地握住门把手扭动了它。

get hold of sb

• 和某人联系；找到某人
  to contact or find sb
  1. Where have you been? I've been trying to get hold of you all day.
     你去哪了？我一整天都在找你。

get hold of sth

• 找到所需要的东西
  to find sth that you want or need
  1. I need to get hold of Tom's address.
     我需要找到汤姆的地址。
  2. It's almost impossible to get hold of tickets for the final.
     几乎不可能搞到决赛的门票。
• 学会；理解
  to learn or understand sth

no holds barred

• 不加约束；没有限制
  with no rules or limits on what sb is allowed to do

on hold

• 推迟；中断
  delayed until a later time or date
  1. She put her career on hold to have a baby.
     她中断了事业以便生孩子。
  2. The project is on hold until more money is available.
     这项工程暂停，等到有更多的钱时再进行。
• （电话接通时）等某人接电话
  if a person on the telephone is put on hold , they have to wait until the person that they want to talk to is free

take (a) hold

• 开始完全控制；变得十分强大
  to begin to have complete control over sb/sth; to become very strong
  1. Panic took hold of him and he couldn't move.
     他突然惊慌得动弹不得。
  2. They got out of the house just before the flames took hold.
     他们就在大火吞噬房子之前逃了出来。
  3. It is best to treat the disease early before it takes a hold.
     最好还是病向浅中医。

get (hold of) the wrong end of the stick

• 误解；误会
  to understand sth in the wrong way

noun

1. the act of grasping
   1. he released his clasp on my arm
   2. he has a strong grip for an old man
   3. she kept a firm hold on the railing

   Synonym:    claspclenchclutchclutchesgraspgrip

2. the space in a ship or aircraft for storing cargo

   Synonym:    cargo areacargo deckcargo holdstorage area

3. the appendage to an object that is designed to be held in order to use or move it
   1. he grabbed the hammer by the handle
   2. it was an old briefcase but it still had a good grip

   Synonym:    handlegriphandgrip

4. a cell in a jail or prison

   Synonym:    keep

5. a stronghold

6. power by which something or someone is affected or dominated
   1. he has a hold over them

7. understanding of the nature or meaning or quality or magnitude of something
   1. he has a good grasp of accounting practices

   Synonym:    appreciationgrasp

8. a state of being confined (usually for a short time)
   1. his detention was politically motivated
   2. the prisoner is on hold
   3. he is in the custody of police

   Synonym:    detentiondetainmentcustody

9. time during which some action is awaited
   1. instant replay caused too long a delay
   2. he ordered a hold in the action

   Synonym:    delaytime lagpostponementwait

verb

1. keep from exhaling or expelling
   1. hold your breath

2. remain committed to
   1. I hold to these ideas

3. assert or affirm
   1. Rousseau's philosophy holds that people are inherently good

4. keep in mind or convey as a conviction or view
   1. take for granted
   2. view as important
   3. hold these truths to be self-evident
   4. I hold him personally responsible

   Synonym:    deemview astake for

5. hold the attention of
   1. The soprano held the audience
   2. This story held our interest
   3. She can hold an audience spellbound

6. be in accord
   1. We agreed on the terms of the settlement
   2. I can't agree with you!
   3. I hold with those who say life is sacred
   4. Both philosophers concord on this point

   Synonym:    agreeconcurconcord

7. declare to be
   1. She was declared incompetent
   2. judge held that the defendant was innocent

   Synonym:    declareadjudge

8. bind by an obligation
   1. He's held by a contract
   2. I'll hold you by your promise

   Synonym:    obligebindobligate

9. protect against a challenge or attack
   1. Hold that position behind the trees!
   2. Hold the bridge against the enemy's attacks

   Synonym:    defendguard

10. aim, point, or direct
    1. Hold the fire extinguisher directly on the flames

11. drink alcohol without showing ill effects
    1. He can hold his liquor
    2. he had drunk more than he could carry

    Synonym:    carry

12. have or hold in one's hands or grip
    1. Hold this bowl for a moment, please
    2. A crazy idea took hold of him

    Synonym:    take hold

13. be the physical support of
    1. The beam holds up the roof
    2. He supported me with one hand while I balanced on the beam
    3. What's holding that mirror?

    Synonym:    supportsustainhold up

14. to close within bounds, limit or hold back from movement
    1. This holds the local until the express passengers change trains
    2. About a dozen animals were held inside the stockade
    3. The illegal immigrants were held at a detention center
    4. The terrorists held the journalists for ransom

    Synonym:    restrainconfine

15. cover as for protection against noise or smell
    1. She held her ears when the jackhammer started to operate
    2. hold one's nose

16. support or hold in a certain manner
    1. She holds her head high
    2. He carried himself upright

    Synonym:    carrybear

17. organize or be responsible for
    1. hold a reception
    2. have, throw, or make a party
    3. give a course

    Synonym:    throwhavemakegive

18. maintain (a theory, thoughts, or feelings)
    1. bear a grudge
    2. entertain interesting notions
    3. harbor a resentment

    Synonym:    harborharbourentertainnurse

19. cause to stop
    1. Halt the engines
    2. Arrest the progress
    3. halt the presses

    Synonym:    haltarrest

20. have or possess, either in a concrete or an abstract sense
    1. She has $1,000 in the bank
    2. He has got two beautiful daughters
    3. She holds a Master's degree from Harvard

    Synonym:    havehave got

21. secure and keep for possible future use or application
    1. The landlord retained the security deposit
    2. I reserve the right to disagree

    Synonym:    retainkeep backhold back

22. have rightfully
    1. She bears the title of Duchess
    2. He held the governorship for almost a decade

    Synonym:    bear

23. take and maintain control over, often by violent means
    1. The dissatisfied students held the President's office for almost a week

24. keep from departing
    1. Hold the taxi
    2. Hold the horse

25. arrange for and reserve (something for someone else) in advance
    1. reserve me a seat on a flight
    2. The agent booked tickets to the show for the whole family
    3. please hold a table at Maxim's

    Synonym:    reservebook

26. lessen the intensity of
    1. moderate your alcohol intake
    2. hold your tongue
    3. hold your temper
    4. control your anger

    Synonym:    controlhold incontaincheckcurbmoderate

27. stop dealing with
    1. hold all calls to the President's office while he is in a meeting

28. be valid, applicable, or true
    1. This theory still holds

    Synonym:    prevailobtain

29. be pertinent or relevant or applicable
    1. The same laws apply to you!
    2. This theory holds for all irrational numbers
    3. The same rules go for everyone

    Synonym:    applygo for

30. keep in a certain state, position, or activity
    1. hold in place
    2. She always held herself as a lady
    3. The students keep me on my toes

    Synonym:    keepmaintain

31. remain in a certain state, position, or condition
    1. The weather held
    2. They held on the road and kept marching

32. contain or hold
    1. The jar carries wine
    2. The canteen holds fresh water
    3. This can contains water

    Synonym:    bearcarrycontain

33. be capable of holding or containing
    1. This box won't take all the items
    2. The flask holds one gallon

    Synonym:    containtake

34. resist or confront with resistance
    1. The politician defied public opinion
    2. The new material withstands even the greatest wear and tear
    3. The bridge held

    Synonym:    defywithstandhold up

35. have room for
    1. This hotel can accommodate 250 guests
    2. The theater admits 300 people
    3. The auditorium can't hold more than 500 people

    Synonym:    accommodateadmit

36. have as a major characteristic
    1. The novel holds many surprises
    2. The book holds in store much valuable advise